med-math

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.

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Question

Answer

before meals

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after meals

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daily

every day; daily

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q.d / qd

every day; daily- Do Not Use

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bid

Twice a day

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tid

Three times a day

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qid

Four times a day

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Every hour

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at bedtime

At bedtime, hour of sleep

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hs/ h.s.

at bedtime, hour of sleep- Do Not Use

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every night

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stat

Immediately

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q2h or q2°

Every 2 hours (this drug will be given 12 times in a 24- hour period [24÷2])

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q4h or q4°

Every 4 hours (this durg will be given 6 times in a 24-hour period [24÷4])

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q6h or q6°

Every 6 hours (this durg will be given 4 times in a 24-hour period [24÷6])

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q8h or q8°

Every 8 hours (this durg will be given 3 times in a 24-hour period [24÷8])

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q12h or q12°

Every 12 hours (this durg will be given 2 times in a 24-hour period [24÷12])

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every other day

Every other day

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qod /q.o.d

Every other day- Do Not Use

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prn

As Needed (this abbreviation is usually combined with a time abbreviation)

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3 times weekly

Three times per week

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tiw/ t.i.w.

Three times per week- Do Not Use

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biw

Twice per week

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AD - do not use

write out "Right Ear"

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AL - do not use

write out "Left Ear"

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AU- do not use

write out "Each Ear"

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HHN

Hand- Held Nebulizer

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Intramuscularly

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Hand- Held Nebulizer

medication is placed in a device that produces a fine spray for inhalation (HHN)

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Intramuscular Route

the injection is given at a 90° angle into a muscle (IM)

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Intravenous Route

the injection is given into a vein

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IVP

Intravenous Push

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Intravenous Push Route

medication is injected dirently in a vein

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IVPB

Intravenous Piggyback

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MDI

Metered- Dose Inhaler

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NEB

Nebulizer

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NGT (ng)

Nasogastric Tube

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OD- do not use

write out "In the right eye"

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OS- do not use

write out "In the left eye"

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OU- do not use

write out "In both eyes"

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po (PO)

By Mouth

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pr (PR)

In the Rectum

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Sub-Q or Sub Q

Subcutaneously (do not use sc sq or s.c. s.q.)

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Sublingual, under the tongue

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S & S

Swish and Swallow

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Cubic Centimeter (Subsitute mL) - a measure of volume usually reserved for measuring gases. However, may also be a liquid measure.

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1 cc = ? drops from a medicine dropper

1 cc = 16 drops from a medicine dropper

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g (gm, Gm)

Gram- a measure of solids; 1 is equal to 2 paper clips

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kg (Kg)

Kilogram- weight measure

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1 kg

2.2 lb ; 1,000 gm

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Liter

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1 Liter

1,000 mL (milliliters) or 1000 ccs; measure is larger than a quart

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mcg

Microgram - weight measure

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μg- Do Not Use

Microgram

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1,000 mcg (micrograms)

1 mg (milligrams)

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mEq

Milliequivalent - NO equivalent necessary, drugs are prepared and orded inthis weight measure

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Milligram - weight measure

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1,000 mg

1 gm

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mL (ml)

Milliliter - liquid measure

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1 mL

1 cc (interchangeable)

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unit

do not use "U"; do not calculate this measure

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"minim"- the basic unit of measure in the apothecary system, equal to 0.0616 mL

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16 minims

1 cc or 1 ml

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dr, ʒ

"dram"- liquid measure

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1 dr

4 ml

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gr - Do Not Use

Grain

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1 gr =? (not with the exception of acetaminophen [Tylenol] or aspirin)

60 mg

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1 gr = ? (for acetaminophen [Tylenol] or aspirin order)

65 mg

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gtt

"drop"- liguid measure

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1 drop

1 m (minim)

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Pint

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Quart

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tbsp

Tablespoon

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tsp

Teaspoon

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oz, ℥

Ounce

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cap, caps

Capsule

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"Controlled Release "- drug has been prepared in a form that allows extended action. Therfore, the drug is given less frequently.

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"Long Acting"- drug has been prepared in a form that allows extended action. Therfore, the drug is given less frequently.

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"Sustained Action" - drug has been prepared in a form that allows extended action. Therfore, the drug is given less frequently.

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"Slow Release" - drug has been prepared in a form that allows extended action. Therfore, the drug is given less frequently.

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"Double Strength"- drug has been prepared in a form that allows extended action. Therfore, the drug is given less frequently.

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"Enteric Coated"- tablet is coated with a substance that will not dissolve in the acid secretions of the stomachl instead, it dissolves in the more alkaline secretions of the intestines.

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el, elix

"Elixir" - drug dissolved in a hydroalcoholic sweetened base

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sol

"Solution"- drug is contained in a clear liquid preperation

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"Spirit" - this is an alocholic solution of a volatile substance

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sup, supp

"Suppository"- solid , cylindrically shaped drug that can be insterted into a body opening (eq, the rectum or vagina)

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susp

"Suspension"- small particles of drug are dispersed in a liquid base & must be shaken before being poured; gels & magmas are examples.

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syr

Syrup- sugar is dissolved in a liquid med & flavored to disguise the taste

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tab, tabs

"Tablet"- med is compressed or molded into a solid form; additional ingredients are used to shape & color the tablet

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tr, tinct.

"Tincture"- liquid alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solution of a drug.

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ung, oint.

"Ointment"- semisolid drug prep that is applied to skin (external use only)

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KVO

Keep Vein Open

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TKO

To Keep Open

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Discontinue

do not use "d/c"

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NKA

No Known Allergies

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NKDA

No Know Drug Allergies

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Greater Than

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Less Than

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Relationship of the Metric Measures of Weight

kg > g > mg > mcg (Read "greater than")

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1 g

1,000 mg (1,000,000 mcg)

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1 mg

1,000 mcg

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I or i

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II or ii

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III or iii

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IV or iv

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V or v

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VI or vi

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VII or vii

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VIII or viii

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IX or ix

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X or x

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XV or xv

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XX or xx

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XL or xl

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L or l (Roman Numeral)

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LX or lx

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100

C or c (Roman Numeral)

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3 Discrepency Equivalents for the Apothecary/ Metric Sys. Regarding aspirin & acetaminophen

Manufactured drug so that 1 grain = 65 mg (vs. 60 mg) ∴gr x= 0.6 g= 650 mg (not 600 mg), gr v= 0.3 g = 325 mg (not 300 mg), gr i = 0.06 g = 65 mg (not 60 mg)

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ss (dots on top)

One Half

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gr xv

1,000 mg, 1 g (gram)

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gr x

(650)† 600 mg = 0.6 g [†= aspirin/ acetaminophen value]

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gr vii ss

500 mg = 0.5 g

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gr v

(325)† 300 mg = 0.3 g [†= aspirin/ acetaminophen value]

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gr iii

200 mg = 0.2 g

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gr i ss or gr 1 ½

100 mg = 0.1 g

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gr i

(65)† 60 mg = 0.06 g

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gr ss or gr ½

100 mg = 0.1 g

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gr i

(65)† 60 mg= 0.06 g

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gr ¼

15 mg = 0.015 g

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gr 1/6

10 mg = 0.010 g

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gr 1/100

0.6 mg = 600 mcg

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gr 1/150

0.4 mg = 400 mcg

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gr 1/200

0.3 mg = 300 mcg

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1 tsp

5 mL

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1 tbsp

15 mL

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1 oz (or fl oz)

30 mL & 8 dr (dram)

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1 pt

500 mL

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1 quart

1 L = 1,000 mL or 1,000 ccs

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2.2 lb

1 kg

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1 inch

2.5 cm (cenitmeters)

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1 m (minim)

1 gtt (drop)

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1 dr (dram)

4 mL

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8 dr (dram)

1 oz (fl oz)

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15 mL

1 tbsp = ½ fl oz = 4 drams

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30 mL

2 tbsp = 1 fl oz = 8 drams

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500 mL

1 pint

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1000 mL (1 L)

1 quart = 2 pints = (1,000 ccs)

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Convert Fahrenheit to Centigrade

C= (F - 32) ÷ 1.8

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Convert Centigrade to Fahrenheit

F= (C x 1.8) + 32

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98.6 ° F

37 °C

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101 ° F

38.33° C

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212 ° F

100 ° C

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Med- Math Equation

Supply / Have = x/ Desire ( d= desired dose, H= on hand or have, S= supply, X or x = unknown or answer [amount of drug to give])

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To Calculate an IV drip rate

mL to infuse x tubing drip factor/ minutes to infuse

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To Calculate a drip rate on an IV infusion pump

mL to infuse/ hours to infuse

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Using 60 gtt as the tubing drip factor

mL to infuse x 60/ minutes to infuse

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Percent Solution; example 5 % solution

means 5 grams of the drug in 100 mL of fluid

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Created by: nicole4rc