Duke PA physiology
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Why do we need food? | Generate energy, aquire fuel substrates for energy reserves and provide raw materials for cell & tissue turnover and for heat loss
🗑
|
||||
| Body energy = | energy intake - energy output
🗑
|
||||
| Why do we need fuel? | maintain daily activities
🗑
|
||||
| Why do we need fuel reserves? | function between meals
🗑
|
||||
| Why do we need raw materials? | renew cells and tissues
🗑
|
||||
| What behavioral mechanisms govern when and how much food we eat? | hunger and satiety - governed by hormones
🗑
|
||||
| What is positive balance? | eating more food than using - gain weight
🗑
|
||||
| What is negative balance? | eating less food than we use - lose weight
🗑
|
||||
| What are the two ways to make ATP? | glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation
🗑
|
||||
| How much ATP is made through glycolysis? | 2 mol ATP + 2 pyruvate per glucose
🗑
|
||||
| How much ATP is made through oxidative phosphorylation? | 34 mol ATP + CO2 + H20 per glucose
🗑
|
||||
| What is required for oxidative phosphorylation? | oxygen - only works under aerobic conditions
🗑
|
||||
| How is excess fuel from the diet stored? | glycogen, fat and protein
🗑
|
||||
| Which fuel storage contains the highest amount of energy stored? | fat
🗑
|
||||
| What is the most labile storage form? | glycogen
🗑
|
||||
| How much glucose per day is needed to maintain body at rest? | 240g glucose
🗑
|
||||
| Respiratory quotient (RQ) | ratio of CO2 produced to O2 consumed
🗑
|
||||
| RQ for carb diet | 1
🗑
|
||||
| What is the RQ of the brain? | very close to 1.0 - prefers carbs
🗑
|
||||
| What is the RQ of a mixed diet? | 0.8
🗑
|
||||
| What is the RQ of an all fat diet? | 0.7
🗑
|
||||
| How many kg of fuel are needed for a 100 kg body? | 2300 kg fuel
🗑
|
||||
| BMR | basal metabolic rate
🗑
|
||||
| What does BMR depend on? | age, gender, amount of lean muscle mass, physical activity level, diet, hormones
🗑
|
||||
| What hormones dictate BMR? | thyroid, epi, norepi
🗑
|
||||
| What is the metabolic energy of proteins and carbs? | 4 kcal/g
🗑
|
||||
| What is the metabolic energy of fat? | 9 kcal/g
🗑
|
||||
| Which state is anabolic? | fed
🗑
|
||||
| Which state is catabolic? | fasting
🗑
|
||||
| Where can glycogen be stored? | liver and muscle
🗑
|
||||
| What is an anabolic state? | moving into storage
🗑
|
||||
| What is the dominant anabolic hormone? | insulin
🗑
|
||||
| Where is the glucose produced in a fasting state? | liver
🗑
|
||||
| What forms of energy does the liver produce in a fasting state? | ketones, glucose
🗑
|
||||
| What is a catabolic state? | breaking down stored fuel and breaking them down into fuel - glucose and ketones
🗑
|
||||
| What are the dominant catabolic hormones? | cortisol, epinephrine, glucagon
🗑
|
||||
| Where is excess energy store? | liver, muscle, fat
🗑
|
||||
| What control anabolic vs catabolic pathways? | hormones
🗑
|
||||
| What two hormones govern "minute to minute" maintenance? | insulin and glucagon
🗑
|
||||
| What four hormones work under stress? | cortisol, epinephrine, glucagon and growth hormone
🗑
|
||||
| What turns on stress hormones? | drop in glucose
🗑
|
||||
| What governs metabolism under long term starvation? | thyroid hormone
🗑
|
||||
| What does thyroid hormone do in starvation? | downregulated basal metabolic rate, conserve energy
🗑
|
||||
| When do plasma glucose levels rise? | after meals
🗑
|
||||
| What do plasma glucose levels do in sleep? | fall
🗑
|
||||
| What effect do a rise in plasma glucose levels have on insulin? | when glucose rises, insulin immediately goes up
🗑
|
||||
| What does glucagon do when insulin is up? | low glucagon
🗑
|
||||
| Does insulin or glucagon go through larger variations? | insulin - glucagon never jumps as much as insulin
🗑
|
||||
| How does the body regulate glucagon? | very tightly
🗑
|
||||
| Where does a stimulus go in increased plasma glucose levels? | stimulates release of insulin from beta cell
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
ges13
Popular Physiology sets