medical terminalogy
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| vaccines | pharmacologic agent capable of producing artificial active immunity.`
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| virulence | an organism relative power and degree of pathogenicity.
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| severe acute respiratory syndrome ( SARS) | a viral outbreak of a respiratory illness first reported in Asia in 2003; spread by close person-to-person contact and characterized by fever and respiratoy symptoms.
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| mortality | number of cases of deaths to a given population.
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| morbidity | number of cases of disease in a specific population.
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| transmission | spread of infectious disease by direct contact, indirect contact, inhalation, or bloodborne contact.
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| infectious agents | pathogen responsible for a specific infectious disease.
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| epidemiology | is the science that studies the history, cause, and patterns of infectious diseases.
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| infection control | methods to eliminate or redice the transmission of infectious microorganisms.
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| bloodborne pathogen | microorganism capable of causing disease found in blood or components of blood.
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| immunosuppresed | referring to a pt. because immune sys is unhealthy because of disease,medication, gentics,ect..also antibodies produced by the cell of the immune system.
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| microorganisms | microscopic living creature capable of transmisson and reproduction in specific circumstances. are found almost every where and cannot be seen by the naked eye.
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| pathogens | microorganisms that can cause infectious disease.
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| Chain of Infection | 1. infectious agent2. reservior3. portal of exit4. means of transmission5. portal of entry6. susceptible host
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| infectious agents | virus, bacteria, fungi, parasites, and rickettsia
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| Virus | virus are pathogens that require a living cell for reproduction.
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| palliative | measures taken to relieve symptoms of disease.
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| Bacteria | are single-celled microorganisms that live in tissue rather than in body cels and are identified by characteristics shapes or morphology (form and structure of an organism)
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| fungi | are microoangism that may be unicelluar (single-celled)
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| parasites | organisms that live in or another orgamism are classified as parasites.
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| Riskettsia | are intracelluar parasites smiliar to a virus, they are larger than virsus and can be seen undre conventional microscope.
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| excretions | waste matter the elimination of waste products from the body
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| secretions | substance produced by the cells of glandular organs from material in the blood
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| standard Precautions | dev in 1996 by the CDC they privide a wider range of protection and are used any time there is contact w/blood,moistbody fluid, mucous membranes, or nonintact skin ther are designed to protect all health care provider,pts, and visitors
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| Transmission Based Precautions | seconf tier of CDC guide lines applies to specific catagories of pts that include air, contact and droplet precautions
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| Means of Transmission | 1. direct contact 3. Bloodborne Transmission 4. ingestion5. inderect contact 6. Vector (a carrier of disease)
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| Portal of Entry | broken skin mucous membrane and systems of the body exposed to external envirorment breathing in airborne microoganisms allows infectious disease to enter the lungs.
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| growth requirements for microorganisms | oxygen, lack of or no oxygen, moisture nutrition, temperature,darkness
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| Riskerrsiae | ticks, lime, fleas, and mites
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| Reservior | second link in chain infection; people, equipment, supplies, water, food animals, insects
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| Portal of entry | fith link in chain infection; broken or non-intact skin, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, mucous membranes, reproductive system
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| Susceptible Host | sixth link in chain of infection; number and specific type of pathogen, duration of exposre, general physical health, psychological health status, occupation or lifestyle envirorment, underlying diseases or condtitions, youth or advanced age
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| Bodys Natural Barriers | physical,chemical,cellular
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| Inflammatory Response | cardinal signs are redness, heat, swelling and pain; dilation of vessels increase blood flow, plasma moves into tissue, white blood cells activated to fight infection, phagocytes destroy pathogens
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| pathogen | disease producing microorganism
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| Immune-system response | recognition of invader,growth of defense, attack against infection, slowdonw of immune response following the death of infectious agent
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| immunity | *naturally acquired active immunity* artificially acquired active immunity* congenital acquired active immunity* artificially acquired passaive immunity
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| purulent | forming or containing puse
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| barriers | to protect an individual form contact wirh blood and other potenitally infected materials. like PPE
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| PPE | personal protective equipement
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| immune system | purpose is to protect against pathogens and abnormal cell growth
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| Cell-mediated immunity | usually involved in attacks and eliminates pathogens
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| humoral immunity | produces antibodies that are capable of killing miccrorganisms and of reconigzing the pathogen in the future.
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| AIDS | is caused by a blood born virus, HIVthe viral infection directly affects the immune response
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| HIV | is responsible for the T cell destruction, t cells are white blood cells that provide immunity
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| hepatitis A | HAV- MOST COMMON VIRUS
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| hepatitis B | HBV-MOST COMMON VIRUS concered a serious biohazard for health care providers, it is easier to contract, symptoms are loss of appettite, fatigue, nausea, headahce, fever, and juandice this is a chroni disease,
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| HEPATITITS C | HCV-MOST COMMON VIRUS, can become chronic individuals can carry the virus in their blood for the rest of their lives, damages the liver and causes cirrhoisia and liver failure,
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| HEPATITIS D | HDV-LESS COMMON VIRUS
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| HEPATITIS E | HEV-LESS COMMON VIRUS
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| medical asepsis | is the use of practices such as hand washing general cleaning and disinfecting of contaiminated surfaces
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| surgical aspsis | is to prevent organisms from entering the pts body during an invasive procedure
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