Science Chapter 2 Section 1 & 2
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| Define Map | Representation of the features of a physical body such as Earth
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| Define Reference Point | Is a fixed place on the Earth’s surface from which direction and location can describe
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| What are two major reference points we can find on a map of the Earth? | North Pole South Pole
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| Give 2 other examples of reference points we might use. | Direction Location
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| Define Cardinal Directions | North, South, East and West, as well as combinations of these directionsExample: Compass
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| List the 4 cardinal directions | North South East West
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| Define compass | Shows the cardinal directions North, South, East and West, as well as combinations of the directions
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| What creates the Earth’s magnetic field? | The Earth's molton core
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| What is True North? | The direction to the geographic North Pole
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| What is Magnetic Declination? | The difference between the magnetic north and the true north
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| What is the Equator? | The imaginary circle half-way of the earth
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| Where is the Equator located? | Between the poles that divides the Earth into the Northern & Southern Hemispheres
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| Define Latitude | The distance north or south from the equator expressed in degrees
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| What is the Prime Meridian? | The meridian, or line of longitude that is designed as 0 degrees longitude
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| Where is it located? | Degrees longitude are a measure of the angle made by a prime meridian and the location on the earth’s surface, as measured from the center of the earth
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| Define Longitude | The distance east and west from the prime meridian, expressed in degrees (40)
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| What is the most accurate model of the Earth? | A map is a representation of the features of a physical body such as Earth
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| What does this model show? | What explores thought the world looked like 1800 years ago
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| What can’t this model show? | Observations
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| What are distortions? | Shapes as well as distances between points are distorted
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| What is a map projection? | To move the image of Earth’s curved surface onto a flat surface
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| Identify the 3 common shapes used for map projections | cylinder cones planes
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| Cylindrical projection | A map projection that is made when the contents of the globe are moved onto a cylinder of paper
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| What is a Mercator projection | it is a mathematical method of showing a map of the globe on a flat surface
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| Features distorted on a cylindrical projection | A map that is made by moving the features of the globe onto a cylinder
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| Conic Projection | A map projection that is made by moving the surface features of the globe onto a cone
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| Features distorted on a conic projection | Areas near this line are distorted less than other areas are
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| Azimuthal Projection | A map projection that is made by moving the surface features of the globe onto a plane
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| Features distorted on an azimuthal projection | Distoration of direction, distance and shape increases as youmove away from the point of contact
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| Equal Area Projection | A map projection that shows the area between the latitude & longitude lines the same size as that area on a globe
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| List the 6 pieces of information all maps must have | 1. Title2. Compass Rose3. Scale4. Legend5. Date6.
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| What is remote sensing? | Is a way to collect information about something without physically being there
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| Define GPS and what it is | Global Positioning System (GPS)Is a system of orbiting satellites that send radio signals to receivers on Earth
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| Define GIS and what it is | Geographic Information System (GIS)Is a computerized system that allows a user to enter different types of information about an area
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