ch.5 terms
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| abrasion | a scrarping or rubbing away of skin or mucous as a result of friction to the area
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| abscess | a localized collection of pus in any part of the body
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| albino | an individual with a marked deficiency of pigment in the eyes, hair, and skin
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| alopecia | partial or complete loss of hair
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| amputation | the surgical removal of a part of the body or a limb or a part of a limb, performed to treat recurrent infections or gangrene of a limb
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| basal layer | the deepest of five layers of the epidermis
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| bedsore | an inflammation, sore, or ulcer in the skin over a bony prominence of the body-resulting from loss of blood supply & oxygen to the area due to prolonged prssure on the body part
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| blackhead | an open comedo, caused by accumaltion of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle
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| blister | a small thin-walled skin lesion containing clear fluid, a vesticle
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| boil | a localized pus-producing infection originating deep in a hair follicle, a furuncle
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| bruise | a bluish0black discoloration of an area of the skin or mucous membrane caused by an escape of blood into the tissues as a result of an injury to the area
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| bulla | a large blister
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| debridement | removal of debris, foregin objects, and damaged or necrotic tissue from a wound in order to prevent infection and to promote healing
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| cyst | a closed sac or pouch in or within the skin that contains fluid, semi fluid, or solid material
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| cyanosis | a conition of a bluish discoloration of the skin
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| cuticle | a fold of skin that covers the root of the fingernail or toenail
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| cutaneous membrane | the skin
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| curettage | the process of scraping material from the wall of a cavity or other surface for the purpose of removing abnormal tissue or unwanted material
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| cryosurgery | a noninvasive treatment that uses subfrezzing temperature to freze and destroy the tissue
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| corium | the dermis, the layer of the skin just under the epidermis
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| contusion | an injury to a part of the body without a break in the skin
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| comedo | the typical lesion of acne vulgaris, casued by accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle
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| closed comedo | whitehead
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| open comedo | blackhead
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| collagen | the protein substance that forms the glistening inelastic fibers of connective tissue such as tendons, ligaments and fascia
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| cicatrix | a scar, the pale, firm tissue that forms in the healing of a wound
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| ceruminous gland | a mdodified sweat gland that lubricates the skin of the ear canal with a yellowish-brown waxy substance called cercumen (or ear wax)
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| cercumen | ear wax
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| cellulite | a diffuse acute infection of the skin and substance tissue, characterized by localized heat, deepredness, pain and swelling
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| carbuncle | a circumscibed inflammation of the skin and deeper tissues that contains pus, which eventually discharges to the skin surface
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| dermatitis | inflammation of the skin
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| dermatologist | a physician who specializes in the treatment of dieases and disorders of the skin
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| dermatology | the study of the skin
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| dermis | the layer of skin immediately beneath the epidermis, the corium
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| diaphoresis | the secretion of sweat
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| ecchymosis | a bluish-black discoloration of an area of the skin or mucous membrane caused by an escape of blood into the tissues as a result of injury to the area; also known as a bruise or a black-and-blue mark
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| electrodesiccation | a technique that uses an electrical spark to burn and destroy tissue, used primarily for the removal of surface lesions
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| epidermis | the outermost layer of the skin
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| hair root | the portion of a stran of hair that is embedded in the hair follicle
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| hair follicle | the tiny tube within the dermis that contains the root of a hair shaft
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| gangrene | death of tissue, most often involving the extermities
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| furuncle | a localized pus-producing infection orginating deep in a hair follicle, a boil
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| fistula | an abnormal passageway between two tublar organs
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| fissure | a cracklike sore or groove in the skin or mucous membrane
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| exfoliation | peeling or sloughing off of tissue cells, as in peeling of the skin after a severe sunburn
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| excoriation | an injury to the surface of the skin caused by trauma, such as scratching or abrasions
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| erythroderma | redness of the skin due to capillary dilatation
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| erythremia | an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells
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| erythema | redness of the skin due to capillary dilatation
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| epithelium | the tissue that covers the internal and external surfaces of the body
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| epidermoid cyst | a cyst filled with a chessy material composed of sebum and epithelial debris that has formed in the duct of a sebaceous gland, also known as a sebaceous cyst
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| kertain | a hard fibrous protein found inthe epidermis, hair, nails, enamel of the teeth, and horns of animals
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| integumentary system | the body ystem consisting of the skin, sweat glands and sebaceous glands
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| integument | the skin
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| icthyosis | am inherited dermatologist condition in which the skin is dry, hyperkeratotic(hardend), and fissured-resembling fish scales
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| hydrocele | a collection of fluid located in the area of the scrotal sac in the male
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| hives | circumscribed, slightly elevated lesions of the skin that are paler in the center thab its surrounding edges
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| histocyte | macrophage; a large phagocytic cell(cell that ingests microoraganisms, other cells, and foregin particles)occuring in the walls of blood vessels and loose conective tissue
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| histamine | a substance(found in all cells)that is released in allergic inflammatory reactions
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| hirsutism | excessive body hair in an adult male distribution pattern, occuring in women
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| heparin | a natural anticogulant substance produced by the body tissues
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| hemangioma | a benign(nonmaligant)tumor that consists of a mass of blood vesselsand has a reddish-purple color
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| hair shaft | the visble part of the hair
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| pimple | a papule or pustule of the skin
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| petechia | small, pinpoint hemorrhages of the skin
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| perspiration | the clear, watery fluid produced by the sweat glands
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| pediculosis | infestion with lice
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| paronychia | inflammation of the fold of skin surrounding the fingernail; also called runaround
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| papule | a small, solid, circumscribed elevation on the skin
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| pachyderma | abnormal thicjening of the skin
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| onychophagia | the habit of bitting the nails
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| oil gland | one of the many small glands located in the dermis. its secretions provide oil to the hair and surrounding skin
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| onychomycsis | any fungal infection of the nails
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| nodule | a small, circumscribed swelling protruding above the skin
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| onycholysis | seperation of a fingernail from its bed, beginning at the free margin
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| nail body | the visble part of the nail
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| urticaria | a reaction of the skin in which there is an apperance of smooth, slightly elevated patches(wheals)that are redder or paler than the surrounding skin and often accompained by servere icthing(pruitus)
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| wheal | a circumscribed, slightly elevated lesion of the skin that is paler in the center than its surrounding edges, hives
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| whitehead | a closed comedo, caused by accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle
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| vitilgo | a skin disorder characterized by nonpigmented white patches o fskin of varying sizes that are surrounded by skin with normal pigementation
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| vescile | a small thin-walled skin lesion conatining clear fuild, a blister
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| ulcer | a circumscribed open sore or lesion of the skin that is accompained by inflammtaion
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| sweat | the clear, watery fluid produced by the sweat glands; also known as perspiration
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| xanthaderma | any yellow coloration of the skin
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| xeroderma | a chronic skin collection characterized by roughness and dryness
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| telangiectasis | the permanent dilation of groups of superfical capillaries and venules
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| suborifererous gland | a sweat gland
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| subungual hermatoma | a collection of blood beneath a nail bed, usually the result of trauma(injury)
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| strecth marks | linear tears in the dermis that result from overstretching from rapid grwoth
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| subsutaneous tissue | the fatty layer of tissue located beneath the dermis
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| stratum corneum | the outermost layer of the epidermis(consisting of dead cells that have converted to keratin), which continually sluffs off or flakes away
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| stratum | a uniformly thick sheet or layer of cells
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| stratum basale | the layer of skin where new cells are continually being reproduced, pushing older cells toward the outermost surface of the skin
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| startified | layered; arranged in layers
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| squamous epithelium | the single layer of flatterned platelike cells that cover internal and external body surfaces
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| polyp | a small, stalklike growth that protrudes upward or outward from a mucous membrane surface, resembling a mushroom stalk
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| pores | openings of the skin through with substances suach as water, salts, and some fatty substances are excerted
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| pruitus | itching
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| scales | thin flakes of hardend epitheliun shed from the epidermis
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| purpura | a group of bleeding disorders characterized by bleeding into the skin and mucous membranes, small, pinpoint hemorrhages are known as petechia and larger homorrhagic areas known as ecchymoses or bruises
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| pustule | a small elevation of the skin filled with pus; a small abscess
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| sebaceous cyst | a cyst filled with a chesy material consisting of sebum and epithelial debris that has formed in the duct of a sebaceous gland; also known as epidermoid
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| sebacceous gland | an oil gland located in the dermis; its secerations provide oil to the hair and surrounding skin
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| seborrha | excessive seceration of sebum, reulting in excessive oiliness or dry scales
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| skin tags | a small brownish or flesh-colored outgrowth of skin occuring frequently on the neck; also known as a cutaneous papilloma
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| sebum | the oily secerations of the sebaceous glands
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| squamous epithelial cells | flat scalelike cells arranged in layer(strata)
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| keratolytic | an agent used to break down or loosen the horny(hardend) layer of the skin
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| laceration | a tear in the skin
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| lanugo | soft, very fine hair that covers the body of the developing fetus; this hairy coating is almost completely gone by birth
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| lesion | any visble damage to the tissues of the skin, such as a wound, sore, rash, or boil
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| lipocyte | a fat cell
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| lumla | the crescent-shaped pale area at the base of the fingernail or toenail
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| macrophage | a large phagocytic cell(cell that ingest microorganisms, other cells, and foregin particles)occuring in the walls of blood vesseks and loose connective tissue
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| macule | a small, flat discolration of the skin that is neither rasied or depressed
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| mast cell | a cell(found within the connective tissue)that contains herparin and histamine
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| melanin | a black or dark pigment(produced by melanocytes within the epidermis)that contributes color to the skin and helps to filter ultraviolet light
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| melanocytes | cells responsible for producing melanin
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