Nerve Chart

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Nerve, Structure, Etc

AKA

Location

Function

Frontal lobe

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anterior aspect of each cerebral hemisphere

motor

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Parietal lobe

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medial aspect of each cerebral hemisphere

general touch (pressure, temperature, etc)

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Temporal lobe

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over the temporal bone of each cerebral hemisphere

hearing

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Occipital lobe

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posterior aspect of each cerebral hemisphere

vision

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precentral sulcus (precentral gyrus?)

area 4; primary motor area

anterior to central sulcus

skilled voluntary movement (i.e. fine motor skills)

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premotor cortex

area 6; motor association area

anterior to the precentral sulcus

memory bank of previously acquired fine motor skills

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Broca's area

motor speech area

frontal lobe; found only in the dominant hemisphere

controls the speech muscles (tongue, orbicularis oris, etc)

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prefrontal cortex

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judgement, inhibitions, depth of feeling, and personality

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postcentral gyrus

primary sensory area; primary somesthetic area; areas 3, 1, 2

parietal lobe

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parietal secondary sensory area

sensory association area

parietal lobe

memory bank of previously felt sensations

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primary visual cortex

area 17

occipital lobe

vision

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secondary visual

areas 18 and 19

occipital lobe

relates to past visual experiences

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primary auditory cortex

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superior margin of temporal lobe

hearing

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auditory association areas

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temporal lobe

memory bank of previously heard sounds

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olfactory cortex

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both frontal and temporal lobes (piriformis and uncus)

smell

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gustatory cortex

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parietal lobe

taste

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vestibular cortex

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insula lobe

balance and equilibrium

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cerebellum

little brain

lies immediately dorsal to the pons and medulla and protrudes below the occipital lobe

1) coordinates movement (i.e. fine-tunes movement); 2) works with vestibular part of brain for balance & equilibrium; 3) cognition

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Wernicke's area

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temporal lobe

abilitity to sound out unfamiliar words

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spinothalamic tract

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parietal lobe

pain, temperature; effects are manifested contralaterally

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fasciculus cuneatus and fasciculas gracilis

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light touch, tickling, propioception, vibration

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corticospinal tract

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precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe

voluntary movement commands

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thalamus

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part of diencephalon; directly below the corpus callosum

acts as a relay station - directs impulses to the proper part of the brain

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hypothalamus

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inferior to the thalamus

controls many visceral activities in the body

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epithalamus

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superior to the thalamus

produces CSF (thru choroid plexus) and melatonin for the sleep/wake cycle (thru the pineal body)

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basal ganglia

basal nuclei

within the cerebral white matter

initiating and monitoring movements, especially stereotypic movements (ex: normal walking gait)

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Created by: debmurph