68WM6 Muscles
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Actin: | contractile protein found in the thin myofilaments of skeletal muscle.
🗑
|
||||
| All or None: | when stimulated, a muscle fiber will contract fully or not at all; whether a contraction occurs depends on whether the stimulus reaches the required threshold.
🗑
|
||||
| Antagonist: | those having opposing actions; for example, muscles that flex the upper arm are antagonists to muscles that extend it.
🗑
|
||||
| Aponeuroses: | broad fibrous sheets of connective tissue.
🗑
|
||||
| Atrophy: | wasting away of tissue; decrease in size of a part; sometimes referred to as disuse atrophy.
🗑
|
||||
| Bursa: | saclike, fluid-filled structure, lined with synovial membrane, near a joint.
🗑
|
||||
| Hypertrophy: | increase in size, structure, or function.
🗑
|
||||
| Isometric: | type of muscle contraction in which muscle does not shorten.
🗑
|
||||
| Isotonic: | of the same tension or pressure.
🗑
|
||||
| Sacromere: | contractile unit of muscle; length of a myofibril between two Z bands.
🗑
|
||||
| Synergist: | muscle that assist the prime mover.
🗑
|
||||
| Tenosynovitis: | inflammation of the tendon sheath.
🗑
|
||||
| Three types of muscle tissue: | -Skeletal-Cardiac-Smooth
🗑
|
||||
| Skeletal Muscle | Striated / Voluntary
🗑
|
||||
| 40-50% of body weight is____muscle. | Skeletal Muscle
🗑
|
||||
| Contractions can be voluntary with this type of muscle. | Skeletal Muscle
🗑
|
||||
| When looking at skeletal muscle under a microscope you will see.... | Microscope reveals crosswise stripes or striations
🗑
|
||||
| Cardiac Muscle | Bulk of the Heart, Unique dark bands called intercalated disks, Allows heart to contract as a unit.
🗑
|
||||
| Smooth Muscle | Movement is involuntary, Found in walls of hollow visceral structures, Lacks cross-stripes or striations under microscope.
🗑
|
||||
| Origin: | attachment to the bone that remains relatively stationary.
🗑
|
||||
| Insertion | point of attachment to the bone that moves when a muscle contracts.
🗑
|
||||
| Body: | main part of the muscle.
🗑
|
||||
| Muscles attach to the bone by | tendons (fascia).
🗑
|
||||
| Sacromere: | separated from each other by dark bands called Z-lines.
🗑
|
||||
| Functions of the Skeletal Muscle | Movement. (Opposing muscles)Posture or muscle tone.Heat Production.
🗑
|
||||
| Groups of muscles usually contract to produce | a single movement
🗑
|
||||
| Prime mover: | muscle whose contraction is mainly responsible for producing a given movement.
🗑
|
||||
| Synergist: | muscle whose contractions help the prime mover produce a given movement.
🗑
|
||||
| Antagonist: | muscle whose actions oppose the action of a prime mover in any given movement.
🗑
|
||||
| Enables us to maintain body position | Specialized muscle contractions called tonic contractions.
🗑
|
||||
| Tonic contraction | Only a few of a muscle’s fibers shorten at one time, Produce no movement of body parts.
🗑
|
||||
| Good posture reduces strain on | muscles, tendons, ligaments, and bones.
🗑
|
||||
| Poor posture causes | fatigue and may lead to deformity.
🗑
|
||||
| Fever: | an elevated body temperature (often a sign of illness).
🗑
|
||||
| Hypothermia: | a reduced body temperature.
🗑
|
||||
| Contraction of muscle fibers produces most of the _____ required to maintain normal body temperature. | heat
🗑
|
||||
| If muscle cells are stimulated repeatedly without adequate periods of rest | the strength of the muscle contraction decreases, resulting in fatigue.
🗑
|
||||
| Contraction in the absence of adequate oxygen produces... | lactic acid, which contributes to muscle soreness.
🗑
|
||||
| Oxygen debt: | term used to describe the metabolic effort required to burn excess lactic acid that may accumulate during prolonged periods of exercise; the body is attempting to return the cells’ energy and oxygen reserves to pre-exercise levels.
🗑
|
||||
| Motor neuron | the specialized nerve that transmits an impulse to a muscle, causing contraction.
🗑
|
||||
| Neuromuscular junction | is the specialized point of contact between a nerve ending and the muscle fiber it innervates.
🗑
|
||||
| Acetylcholine | Specialized chemicals are released by the motor neuron in response to a nervous impulse.
🗑
|
||||
| Threshold Stimulus | the minimal level of stimulation required to cause a muscle fiber to contract.
🗑
|
||||
| Twitch: | contractions are laboratory phenomena and do not play a significant role in normal muscular activity; they are a single contraction of muscle fibers caused by a single threshold stimulus.
🗑
|
||||
| Tetanic: | contractions are sustained and steady muscular contractions caused by a series of stimuli bombarding a muscle in rapid succession.
🗑
|
||||
| Isotonic: | contraction of a muscle that produces movement of a joint.
🗑
|
||||
| Isometric: | contractions that do not produce movement, muscles as a whole does not shorten.
🗑
|
||||
| Facial muscles: | lie beneath the skin of the face and scalp and used to communicate feelings through facial expression.
🗑
|
||||
| Mastication | closes mouth and produce chewing movements.
🗑
|
||||
| Sternocleidomastoid | flexes head
🗑
|
||||
| Trapezius | elevates shoulder and extends head
🗑
|
||||
| Pectoralis Major | flexes the upper arm
🗑
|
||||
| Latissimus Dorsi | extends the upper arm
🗑
|
||||
| Deltoid | abducts the upper arm
🗑
|
||||
| Biceps brachii | flexes the forearm
🗑
|
||||
| Triceps brachii | extends the forearm
🗑
|
||||
| Abdominal Muscles | *External oblique*Internal oblique*Transversus abdominis*Rectus abdominis
🗑
|
||||
| Respiratory Muscles two types are: | IntercostalDiaphragm
🗑
|
||||
| Hamstring muscles | *Semimembranosus*Semitendinosus*Biceps femoris
🗑
|
||||
| Quadricepts femoris group | *Rectus femoris*Vastus lateralis*Vastus medialis*Vastus intermedius
🗑
|
||||
| Flexion: | movement that decreases the angle between two bones at their joint: bending.
🗑
|
||||
| Extension: | movement that increases the angle between two bones at their joint: straightening.
🗑
|
||||
| Aponeuroses | Connective tissue in a muscle that forms broad fibrous sheets.
🗑
|
||||
| Fascicles | Bundles of skeltal muscle fibers.
🗑
|
||||
| myo- | (muscle)
🗑
|
||||
| calat- | (something inserted)
🗑
|
||||
| erg- | (work) ex: synergist
🗑
|
||||
| Laten- | (hidden)
🗑
|
||||
| sarco- | (flesh)
🗑
|
||||
| tetan- | (stiff)
🗑
|
||||
| troph- | (well fed)
🗑
|
||||
| I Bands | (light bands) composed of thin actin filaments.
🗑
|
||||
| Threshold Stimulus | Minimal strength required to cause a contraction.
🗑
|
||||
| Muscle Tone | a response to nerve impulses that originate repeatedly from the spinal cord and stimulate a few muscle fibers.
🗑
|
||||
| Peristalsis | wavelike motion that occurs in certain tubular organs, such as the intestines, and helps force the contents of these organs along their lengths.
🗑
|
||||
| Where are smooth muscles found? | Walls of hollow viscera, peristalsis, and vasoconstriction.
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
NurseMaryK
Popular Nursing sets