Most common associations - USMLE review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Bacteremia/pneumonia (IVDA) | S. aureus
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| Bacteria associated with cancer | H. pylori
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| Bacterua found in GI tract | Bacteroides (E coli second most common)
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| Brain tumor (adult) | Mets > astrocytoma (including GBM) > meningioma > schwannoma
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| Infratentorial brain tumor (kids) | Medulloblastoma (cerebellum)
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| Supratentorial brain tumor (kids) | Craniopharyngioma
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| Breast cancer | Infiltrating ductal carcinoma (1 in 9 US women will get it)
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| Breast mass (premenopausal) | Fibrocystic change
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| Breast mass (postmenopausal) | Carcinoma
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| Breast tumor (benign) | Fibroadenoma
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| Bug in debilitated, hospitalized pneumonia pt | Klebsiella
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| Primary cardiac tumor (adults) | Myxoma (4:1 left to right atrium; "ball and valve")
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| Primary cardiac tumor (kids) | Rhabdomyoma
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| Cardiac tumor (adults) | Mets
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| Cardiomyopathy | Dilated cardiomyopathy
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| Chromosomal disorder | Down syndrome
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| Chronic arrythmia | Atrial fibrillation (high risk of emboli)
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| Congenital cardiac anomaly | VSD
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| Constrictive pericarditis | TB
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| Coronary artery involved in thrombosis | LAD > RCA > LCA
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| Early cyanosis | Tetrology of Fallot, transposition of great vessels, truncus arteriosis
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| Late cyanosis | VSD, ASD, PDA (close with indomethacin; open with misoprostol)
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| Demyelinating disease | Multiple sclerosis
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| Dietary deficiency | Iron
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| Epiglottitis | H. influenzae type B
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| Esophageal cancer | Squamous cell carcinoma
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| Gene involved in cancer | p53 tumor suppressor gene
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| Group affected by cystic fibrosis | Caucasians
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| Gynecologic malignancy | Endometrial carcinoma
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| Heart murmur | Mitral valve prolapse
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| Heart valve affected in baterial endocarditis | Mitral
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| Heart valve affected in baterial endocarditis in IVDA | Tricuspid
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| Heart valve in rheumatic fever | Mitral (aortic 2nd)
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| Helminth infection (in US) | Enterobius vermicularis (Ascaris lumbricoides is 2nd)
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| Hereditary bleeding disorder | von Willebrand's
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| Kidney stones | Calcium (ammonium is 2nd)
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| Liver disease | Alcoholic liver disease
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| Location of brain tumors (adult) | Supratentorial
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| Location of brain tumors (kids) | Infratentorial
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| Lysosomal storage disease | Gaucher's disease
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| Male cancer | Prostatic carcinoma
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| Malignancy associated with noninfectious fever | Hodkin's lymphoma
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| Malignant skin tumor | Basal cell carcinoma
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| Mets to bone | Breast, lung, thyroid, testes, prostate, kidney
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| Mets to brain | Lung, breast, skin (melanoma), kidney (renal cell carcinoma), GI
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| Mets to liver | Colon, gastric, pancreatic, breast, and lung carcinomas
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| Motor neuron disease | ALS
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| Neoplasm (kids) | ALL (cerebellar medulloblastoma is 2nd)
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| Nephrotic syndrome | Membranous glomerulonephritis
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| Obstruction of male urinary tract | BPH
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| Opportunistic infection in AIDS | Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
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| Organ receiving mets | Adrenal glands (due to rich blood supply), Liver 2nd
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| Orgran sending mets | Lung > breast, stomach
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| Benign ovarian tumor | Serous cystadenoma
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| Malignant ovarian tumor | Serous cystadenocarcinoma
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| Pancreatic tumor | Adenocarcinoma (head of pancreas)
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| ALL pt | Child
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| CLL pt | Adult >60yrs
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| AML pt | Adult >60yrs
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| CML pt | Adult 35-50 yrs
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| Hodkin's lymphoma pt | Young male (female in nodular sclerosis type)
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| Minimal change pt | Young child
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| Reiter's pt | Male
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| Pituitary tumor | Prolactinoma
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| Preventable cancer | Lung cancer
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| Primary bone tumor (adult) | Multiple myeloma
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| Primary hyperparathyroidism | Adenomas
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| Primary liver tumor | Hepatoma
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| Renal tumor | Renal cell carcinoma
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| Secondary hyperparathyroidism | Hypocalcemia of chronic renal failure
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| STD | Chlamydia
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| Site of diverticula | Sigmoid colon
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| Site of metastasis | Regional lymph nodes
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| Sites of atherosclerosis | Abdominal aorta > coronary > popliteal > carotid
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| Skin cancer | Basal cell carcinoma
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| Stomach cancer | Adenocarcinoma
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| Testicular tumor | Seminoma
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| Thyroid cancer | Papillary carcinoma
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| Tracheoesophageal fistula | Lower esophagus (upper esophagus is blind pouch)
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| Tumor in men | Prostate carcinoma
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| Tumor in women | Leiomyoma (estrogen dependent)
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| Tumor of infancy | Hemangioma
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| Tumor of adrenal medulla (adults) | Pheochromocytoma (benign)
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| Tumor of adrenal medulla (kids) | Neuroblastoma (malignant)
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| Type of Hodkin's | Nodular sclerotic (vs. miced cellularity, lymphocytic predominance, lymphocytic depletion)
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| Type of non-Hodkin's | Follicular, small cleaved
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| Vasculitis | Temporal ateritis (risk of ipsilateral blindness due to thrombosis of opthalmic artery)
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| Viral encephalitis | HSV
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| Vitamin deficiency (in US) | Folic acid (body only stores 3-4 months supply; pregnant women at high risk)
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