Medical terms
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| superior | above or upward toward the head
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| inferior | below or downward toward the tail or feet
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| cranial | pertaning to the head
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| caudal | pertaning to the tail
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| distal | away from or farthest from the trunk of the body, or farthest from the point of orgin of a body part
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| proximal | toward or nearest to the trunk of the body or nearest to the point of origin of a body part
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| supine | lying horizontally on the back, faceup
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| prone | lying facedown on the abdomen
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| supination | a movement that allows the palms of the hands to turn upward or forward
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| pronation | a movement that allows the palms of the hands to turn downward and backward
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| plantar | pertaining to the sole or bottom of the foot
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| dorsum | the back or posterior surface of a part, in the foot, the top of the foot
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| connective tissue | tissue that supports and binds other body tissue and parts
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| cranial | pertaining to the skull or cranium
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| cranial cavity | the cavity that contains the brain
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| cytology | the study of cells
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| genes | segements of chromosomes that transmit hereditary characterisitics
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| frontal plane | any of the vertical planes passing through the body from the head to the feet, perpendicular to the sagittal planes and divding the body into front and back portions
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| epithelial tissue | the tissue that covers the internal and external organs of the body, it also lines the vessels, body caviities, glands, and body organs
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| dysplasia | any abnormal development of tissues or organs
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| dorsum | the back or posterior surface of a part, in the foot, the top of the foot
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| deep | away from the surface and toward the inside of the body
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| distal | away from or farthest from the trunk of the body, or farthest from the point of origin of a body part
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| cytoplasm | a gel-like substance that surrounds the nucleus of a cell. Contains cell organs, called organelles, which carry out the essential functions of the cell
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| coocyx | the tailbone
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| chromosomes | the threadlike structures wihtin the nucleus that control the functions of growth, repair, and reproduction for the body
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| cervical vertebrae | the first seven segements of the spinal column, C1 through C7
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| cell | the smalledt and most numerous structual unit of living matter
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| cell membrane | the semipermeable barrier that is the outer covering of a cell
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| caudal | pertaining to the tail
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| cardiac muscle | the mucle that makes up thr muscular wall of the herart
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| aplasia | a development failure resulting in the absence of any organ or tissue
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| anterior | pertaining to the front of the body or toward the belly of the body
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| anatomical postion | the standard reference postion for the body as a whole, the person is standing wiht arms at the sides and palms turned forward, the individual's head and feet are also pointing toward
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| anaplasia | a change in the structure and orientation of cells, characterized by a loss of differentation and reversion to a more primitive form
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| abdominopelvic cavity | a term that describes the abdominal and pelvic cavity collectively, refers to the space between the diaphragm and the groin
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| abdominal cavity | the cavity between the thoriac cavity that is separted from the thoracic cavity by the diaphragm,
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| organ | tissues arranged together to perform a special function
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| pelvic cavity | the lower front cavity of the body
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| nucleus | the central controlling body within a living cell that is enclosed within the cell membrane
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| nervous tissue | tissue that trasmits impulses throughout the body, thereby activating, coordinating and controlling the many functions of the bpdy
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| navel | the umbilicus, the belly button
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| neoplasia | the new and abdnormal development of cells that may be benign or malignant
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| muscle tissue | the tissue capable of producing movement of the parts and organs of the body by contracting and relaxing its fibers
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| munro's point | a point on the left side of the abdomen, about halfway between the umbilicus and the anterior bony prominence of the hips
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| mitochondria | cell organs(or organelles)which provide the energy needed by the cell to carry on its essential functions
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| midsagittal plane | the plane that divides the body (or a structure)into right and left equal portions
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| midline of the body | the imaginary "line" created when the body is divided into equal right and left halves
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| membrane | a thin layer of tissue that covers a surface, lines a cavity, ordivides a space-such as the abdominal membrane that lines the abdominal wall
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| mediolateral | pertaining to the middle and side of a structure
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| medial | toward the midline of thebody
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| McBurney;s Point | a point on the right side of the abdomen, about two-thirds of the distance between the umbilicus and the anterior bony prominence of the hip
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| lysosmes | cell organs that contain various types of enzymes that function in intracelluar digestion. Lysosomes destroy basteria by digesting them,
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| lumbar vertebrae | the largest and strongest of the vertebrae of the spinal column
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| lumbar region | the right and left regions of the middle section of the abdomen
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| lateral | toward the side of the body, away from the midline of the body
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| inferior | below or downward toward the tail or feet
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| inguinal region | the right and left regions of the lower section of the abdomen, also called the iliac region
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| hypoplasia | incomplete or underdeveloped organ or tissue, usually the result of a decrease in the number of cells
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| hypogastric region | the middle section of the lower abdomen, beneath the umbilical region
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| hypochondriac region | the right and left regions of the upper abdomen, beneath the cartilage of the lower ribs, located on either side of the epigastric region
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| hyperplasia | an increase in the number of cells of a body part
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| histologist | a medical scientist who specializes in the study of tissues
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| plane | imaginary slices(or cuts)made through the body as if a dividing sheet were passed through the body at a particular angle nad in a particluar direction, permitting a view from a differnt angle
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| pertioneum | a specific serous membrane that covers the entire abdnominal wall of the body and is reflected over the contained viscera
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| superior | above of upward toward the head
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| superfical | pertaining to the surface of the body or near the surface
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| spinal cavity | the cavity that contains the nerves of the spinal cord, also known as the spinal canal
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| smooth muscle | muscle found in the walls of the hollow internal organs of the body such as the stomach and intestines
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| skeletal muscle | muscle that is attached to bone and is responsible for the movement of the skelton
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| sacrum | the singular traingular shaped bone that results from the fusion of the five indivdual sacral bones of the child
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| ribosomes | cell organs that synthesize protiens, often called the cell's "protein factories"
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| posterior | pertaining to the back of the body
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| visceral muscle | muscle found in the walls of the hollow internal organs of the body such as the stomach and intestines
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| visceral | pertaining to the internal organs
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| ventral | pertaining to the front, belly side
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| umbilicus | the naval, also called the belly button
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| umbilical region | the region of the abdomen located in the middle section of the abdomen between the right an dleft lumbar regions and directly beneath the epigastric region
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| tissue | a group of cells that performs specialized functions
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| transverse plane | any of the planes cutting across the body perpendicular to the sagittal and the frontal planes, dividing the body into superior (upper) and inferior(lower)portions
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| thoracic vertebrae | the second segement of 12 vertebrae that make up the vertebral bones of the chest, identified as T1 through T12
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| system | organs that work together to perform the many functions of the body as a whole
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| thoracic cavity | the chest cavity
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| Fowler's | sitting up
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| semi fowler's | leaning back
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| supine | most common surgical postion
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| coronal | divides the body structures into anterior posterior postions
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| lithomy | common postion for gynecological procdures
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Created by:
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