Ch 6: Ionic Rxns
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Substitution reactions and elimination reaction both deal with: | Alkyl halides --> RX (F, Br, Cl, I)
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| What halogen is electronegative? | Chlorine
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| Halogens don't like sharing ___. | Electrons
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| Halogens want to do what with electrons? | Steal them away and break themselves away.
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| Substitution reactions are similar to what kinds of reactions? | Acid-base reactions
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| Nucleophile (def.) | Likes positive particles
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| Sub. Rxn - What does "RX" represent? | Substrate
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| Sub. Rxn - What does "Nu: ¯" represent? | Nucleophile
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| Sub. Rxn - What does "X: ¯" | Leaving Group
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| Substrate of Sn1 | 3º or 2º (requires formation of a relatively stable carbocation)
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| Substrate of Sn2 | Methyl > 1º > 2º (requires unhindered substrate)
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| Nucleophile of Sn1 | Weak Lewis base, neutral molecule, nucleophile may be the solvent (solvolysis)
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| Nucleopphile of Sn2 | Strong Lewis base, rate favored by high concentration of nucleophile
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| Solvent in Sn1 | Polar protic (e.g., alcohols, water)
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| Solvent in Sn2 | Polar aprotic (e.g., DMF, DMSO)
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| Leaving group in both Sn1 and Sn2 | I > Br > Cl > F (the weaker the base after the group departs, the better the leaving group
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| Carbocation (def.) | Positively charged organic compound
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| Most stable substrate: | 3º
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| Least stable substrate: | Methyl
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| What are the only type of hydrocarbons involved in Sn1 and Sn2 reactions? | Alkyl Halides
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| The strongest base will be the _______ leaving group. | Worst
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| The weakest base will be the ________ leaving group. | Best
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