8 Genres - Forms of Literature
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| Novel | These are long works (pieces of writing) of prose (writing that is not poetry) that tell a story about made-up people or animals, called characters, that live in a made-up world, or setting. Example: Twilight
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| Novella | Briefer (shorter) than novels. Example: Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants.
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| Short Story | A brief work of prose that tells about imaginary people or animals. Example: Cinderella
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| Nonfiction | Tells a story of a person’s life, narrates (talks about) a series of true events, describes a real scene, and/or presents (gives) information.
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| Autobiography | The story of parts or all of a real person’s life, written by that person
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| Drama | Tells a story through the dialogue (spoken words) and actions of actors who impersonate (act like) the characters.
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| Staging | Changes words into action: setting scenery, costumes, lighting, sounds, etc.
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| Dialogue | Words the characters speak
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| Plot | Events that lead to a conflict (struggle between forces such as people)
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| Subplot | Smaller events related to the main plot and the themes
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| Persuasion | Tries to convince readers to think or act in a certain way
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| Poetry | Written in verse (pattern) and uses figurative language. Has many forms.
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| Epic | Long narrative poem that conveys the adventures of heroic characters and is connected to the history of a nation, race, or religion.
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| Sonnet | 14-line lyric poem with several rhyming patterns
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| Lyric | Poem that expresses thoughts and feelings
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| Symbolism | Used in poetry and other forms of literature; an object, person, or place that stands for something beyond itself; example, birds symbolize freedom because they can fly or move freely; snakes symbolize evil because they slither and have poisonous bites
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| Imagery | Descriptive language that appeals to one or more senses
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| Ballad | A poem written to be sung or recited
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| Figurative Language | Words not used in their exact dictionary meaning, but meant to surprise
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| Simile (SIM a lee) | Uses the word “like” or “as” to compare items; Example: Those girls are like sisters. Your eyes are like stars.
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| Metaphor (MET a for) | Describes one item as if it were another; Example: The sky was a blanket of stars. The bar of soap was a slippery eel during the dog’s bath. I’m heartbroken.
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| Personification | Giving human qualities to something nonhuman; Example: The camera loves you. The computer died.
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| Folktale | Common (working) people created this type of literature for generations before being brought to the printed page of books. Orally told (by mouth), myths, tales, ballads, and tall tales all make up this type of literature.
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| Setting | Time and place are important to this kind of literature; it affects the meaning. Example: In 1689, midnight, Chicago, after sunset, Baghdad, small town in Mexico
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| Dialect (DI a lecT) | The words used by a group of people that others outside the group might not fully understand. Dialect is strong in this type of literature.
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| Myth (mith) | Relies on tales of gods, heroes, and animals to explain natural events, suffering, customs, or beliefs
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| Tall Tale | Often includes humor (funny) that recounts exaggerated (bigger than the truth) events in a matter-of-fact way, using dialect (words spoken) by the common people
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| Fiction | Prose (writing that is not poetry) that tells a story about made-up people or animals; includes novels, novellas, short stories, etc.
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