special senses word list
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Adjustment of the eye, enabling light rays to focus on the retina. Adjustment of the thickness of the lens to make close vision possible | Accommodation
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Achromatopsia | Colour blindness
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Amblyopia | Strabismus or "lazy eye syndrome" in children
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Ametropia | An error in refraction causing poor focus
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Anacusis | Deafness
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Anosmia | Loss of the sense of smell
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Astigmatism | A form of ametropia in which a defective lens causes diffusion of light rays over the retina,rather than sharply focusing at a given point. Imperfection of the curvature.
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Blepharoptosis | prolapse of the eyelid.
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Blepharoplasty | Surgical repair of the eyelid
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Cataracts | Opacities on the lens or the capsule that encloses the lens, causing loss of vision. Treatment usually involves removal of the lens.
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Cerumen | A waxy secretion produced by the glands of the external ear canal to prevent the entrance of tiny foreign particles.
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Ciliary Muscles | Muscles which relax or contract to alter the shape of the lens, making it thicker or thinner, thus enabling the light rays to focus upon the retina.
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Cochlea | Snail shaped inner ear structure.
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Conjunctivitis | Inflammation of the conjunctiva
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Cones | Senses Colour vision.
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Corectasis | Dilation of the pupil.
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Cornea | The clear, transparent portion of the sclera, anterior to the lens. "window" of the eye.
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Cycloplegic agents | Agents which paralyze ciliary muscles,causing dilation of the pupils.
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dacryocystorhinostomy | Creation of an opening into the nose for drainig of tears.
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dacryorrhea | Flow of tears.
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Ear canal | Slender tube lined with glands, through which sound waves travel to the middle ear.
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Emmetropia | Correct vision/Normal vision.
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Equilibrium | A state of balance, controlled by the semicircular canals and the vestibule.
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Esotropia | Inward turning of the eye.
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ET | Exotropia.(Turning outward of the eyes)
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Eustachitis | Inflammtion of the eustachian tube.
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Exotropia | Outward turning of the eye.
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Evisceration | Removal of the viscera (contents of an organ)
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Eustachian Tube | A tube which connects the nose and the throat with the cavity of the middle ear. Equilizes pressure on both sides of the eardrum.
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Fovea | Area of clearest,sharpest vision in the retina.
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Glaucoma | Eye disease with increased pressure within the eyeball. Increase in intraocular pressure.
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Hairs of Corti | Tiny nerve ending within the cochlea which combine with cochlear fluid to generate nerve impulses to the brain via the auditory nerve.
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Hyperopia | Farsightedness.
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Incus | One of the three bones of the middle ear; shaped like an anvil. Transmits vibrations from the malleus to staples.
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Iris | Coloured part of the eye.
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Intracapsular Extraction | Use of a cold metal probe to remove cataracts.
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Iridectomy | Excision of the iris.
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Iritis | Inflammation of the iris.
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Keratocentesis | Surgical puncture of the cornea.
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Labyrinthitis | Inflammation of the inner ear, causing vertigo.
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Lacrimal | Pertaining to a tear.
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Lens | Crystalline body of accommodation.
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Malleus | One of the three bones of the middle ear; shaped like a hammer. Transmits vibrations from the eardrum ti incus.
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Mastoid Process | One of the temoral bones which encloses the sinuses.
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Mydriatics | Medication which dilates the puplis.
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myopia | Nearsightedness.
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Myringoplasty | Reconstruction of the ear drum.
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Nyctalopia | Night blindness.
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Ophthalmoplegia | Paralysis of the eye.
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Optometrist | One who specializes in eye measurements.
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Ossicles | Three tiny articulating bones in the middle ear.
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Otalgia | Ear pain.
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Otitis media | Inflammation of the middle ear.
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Otoplasty | Corrective surgery for macrotia/microtia or deformity.
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Otopyorrhea | Dischagre of pus from the ear.
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Otosclerosis | Hardening of the spongy bone around the oval window of the ear, causing hearing loss.
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Otoscopy | Visual examination of the ear.
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Photopigments | Chemicals contained in the rods and cones which send nerve impulses through the optic nerve to the brain.
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Presbyopia | Far sightedness associated with old age. Loss of elasticity of the lens with age.
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Retinitis Pigmentosa | Chronic progressive disease of degeneration of the retina and atrophy of the optic nerve.
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Retinaopathy | Disease of the retina.
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Retinoscopy | Visual examination of the retina.
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Rods | Senses vision in dim light.
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Sclera | The white of the eye, composed of a tough, fibrous tissue which serves as a protective shield for the more sensitive structures underneath.
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Sclerostomy | Creation of a new opening in the sclera.
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Semicircular Canals | One of the three structures of the inner ear, responsible for balance.
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ST | Esotropia.(turning inward of the eyes)
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Strabismus | Abnormal positioning of the eyes so they deviate in different directions. One eye out of synchrony.
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Stapes | One of the three bones of the middle ear; shaped like stirrups. Transmits vibrations from incus to window.
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Sty(e) | A localized circumscribed inflammation of the sebaceous gland of the eyelid, also called a hordeolum.
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Trachoma | A chronic contagoius form of conjunctivitis.
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Vestibule | A chanber that joins the cochlea and semicicular canals.
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Rem | Rapid eye movement.
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