2009 Spring Biology Exam Review
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| system that regulates hormones that are secreted by glands | endocrine
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| connective tissue that connects bone to muscle | tendon
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| In order for two organisms to be in the same phylum, they must also have this in common | Kingdom
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| organ that filters blood to create urine | kidney
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| the smallest level of classification in Taxonomy | species
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| two parts of the scientific name | Genus and species
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| If two organisms are in the same species, what other levels of classifiction do they also share | all (Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus)
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| system that aids in the immune system that contains the lymph nodes | lymphatic system
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| kingom that is heterotrophic and has cell walls made of chitin | fungus
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| kingdom that includes mushrooms and athlete's foot. | fungus
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| a dead weakened form of a virus that helps to trigger production of antibodies | vaccine
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| organelle that helps plants to convert sunlight to glucose | chloroplast
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| system that protects your body from initial invasion of pathogens | integumentary
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| cells that fight off infections and other pathogens | white blood cells
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| medication that is used to kill bacteria | antibiotic
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| material that contains nutrients that is placed in the bottom of a petri dish | agar
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| vessels that carry blood away from the heart | arteries
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| vessels that carry blood towards the heart | veins
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| an organism that can not be seen with the naked eyed is considered to be this | microscopic
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| kingoms that are microscopic | Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, and some Protist
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| platlets | rupture to form blood clots
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| the most ACCURATE means for comparing the evolutionary relationship between two organisms | DNA sequencing
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| when the genes of a population remain constantly the same | genetic equilibrium
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| the flow of urine in the body ( in order) | kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra
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| eukaryotic | have a nucleus
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| prokaryotic | have no nucleus, both bacteria kingdoms ONLY
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| Is a mushroom a plant or a fungus? | fungus
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| what are nerves used for? | to send impulses from one part of the body to another
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| system that the pituitary, thymus, hypothalmus, adrenal, and throid gland belong to | endocrine
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| two organs that would help to regulate the amount of glucose in the bloodstream | hypothalmus and pancreas
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| gland that secretes insulin to help regulate glucose in the bloodstream | pancreas
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| controls all the endocrine glands | hypothalmus
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| Three adaptations that help desert plants to survive | long roots to get water, small leaves to reduce water loss, waiting until night to open the stomata to decrease water loss
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| a structure found in an organisms that no longer serves a function, like a hipbone in a whale | vestigial structure
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| the blood from the left side of the heart leaves the left atrium and travels where? | out the aorta to the body
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| the top two chambers of the heart | atrium
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| the bottom chambers of the heart | ventricles
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| where does the blood travel after leaving the right ventricle? | to the lungs to get oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide
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| systolic pressure is caused in the heart by the contraction of what chamber? | the left ventricle
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| reason that you must get a new flu vaccine every year | the virus mutates and the old vaccine is no longer effective
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| part of the plant that anchors and absorbs water | roots
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| part of the plant that traps the majority of the sunlight | leaf
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| part of the plant that transports sugar and water up and down the plant | stem
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| part of the plant that is the main reproductive organ in angiosperms | flowers
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| process where an egg and sperm unite | fertilization
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| location of fertilization in a female body | oviduct
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| location of the release of an egg in a female body | ovary
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| reason that your respiratory rate and heart rate increase when you exercise | your muscles need an increased supply of oxygen so that they can breakdown glucose to from ATP
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| where are hormones secreted into | the bloodstream
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| source of glucose for animals | food
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| system that breaks down food to absorb nutrients | digestive
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| survival of the fittest, when the best adapted organisms survive to reproduce | Natural Selection
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| when a person takes in air | inhalation
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| when you breath out air | exhalation
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| when you breathe in air, what is the pathway of air starting with the nose? | nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
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| the function of the large intestine | absorb water
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| the function of the small intestine | absorb nutrients
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| the function of the villi in the small intestine | increase absorption
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| the function of the liver | produce bile which is stored in the gall bladder
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| an organism that is green and needs water is most likely a heterotroph or autotroph | autotroph (also known as a producer)
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| another name for heterotroph | consumer
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| another name for autotroph | producer
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| what is the part of the nervous system that sends an impulse? | neuron (nerve cell)
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| what are 3 types of connective tissue for your skeletal system? | cartilage, tendon, ligament
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| Which type of connective tissue for the skeleton makes up most of a unborn baby? | cartilage
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| the human body system that contains blood | circulatory
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| the system that helps to maintain the pH of the blood | excretory
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| type of cell that does not have a nucleus | prokaryotic
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| carries water in a plant | xylem
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| results if one species is separated into two groups | divergent evolution, which could cause the development of two different species
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| two types of digestion that occur in the mouth and stomach | mechanical and chemical digestion
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| type of blood you have if you have two recessive alleles | type O blood (genotype OO)
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| does the human body maintain a constant body temperature | yes, it maintains a temperature of 98.6 with the help of all organ systems working together.
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| benefit of phototropism | allows the plant to face the light and absorb the most sunlight using its chloroplast
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| waxy covering on a leaf | cuticle
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| benefit of a thick cuticle on a leaf | prevent water loss for a hot habitat
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| what level objective on a microscope do you start with when viewing a specimen | low power
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| what advantage is there over using low power over high power, when first viewing a specimen | you can see more depth of field (more of the specimen will be visible in the eye piece)
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| the system that removes solid waste from the body | digestive
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| system that removes liquid waste from the body | excretory
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| system that removes carbon dioxide from the body | respiratory
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| system that removes cell waste from the body | produces urine which is the excretory system
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| system that has a network of vessels that carries oxygen | circulatory
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| system that contains glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream | endocrine
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| systems that protects your organs | skeletal
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| part of the plant cell that absorbs the sunlight needed for photosynthesis | chloroplast
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| plant part that contains the most chloroplast | leaf (in order to absorb the most sunlight)
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| structures found inside a prokaryotic cell | DNA or RNA (no nucleus or complex organelles)
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| shape of an animal cell | round
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| structure on a bacteria and some protist that help them move | flagella
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| kingdom that includes organisms that are eukaryotic, chloroplast, and are always multicellular | Plantae
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| causes the most variation in a population over time | mutations in the DNA
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| how many thing should be tested at one time in an experiment | one
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| name of the variable that is being tested that the experimentor has control over | independent variable
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| name of the variable that is the result of the experiment, what the experimentor is looking for | dependent variable
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| when gather qualitative date you should make sure that the sample size is small or large | large
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| the process that plants perform, that animals DO NOT, that allows them to make their own food | photosynthesis
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| process of exchanging gases | respiration
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| skeleton that is found inside the body of an organism | endoskeleton
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| a group of similar cells make up this | tissue
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| a group of tissues make up this | organ
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| a bunch of related organs make up this | organ system
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| two nucleic acids that a virus can contain | DNA or RNA
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| material found inside a virus | Nucleic acid only
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| a separation of a population into different location could result in this type of evolution | divergent
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| function of the uterus | serves as a site for the egg to attach and develop if fertilized
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| function of the penis | provide an avenue for urine and semen to leave the body
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| function of the testis | sperm formation
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| function of the fallopian tubes | connects the ovary (where the egg is release) with the uterus (where the fertilized egg develops)
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| name of an organism that contains a backbone | vertebrate
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| name of an organism that does not have a backbone, but often has an exoskeleton instead | invertebrate
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| process where the body regulates stable internal conditions | homeostasis
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| kingdom that contains an organism that is eukaryotic, multicelluar and can perform photosynthesis | Plantae
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| attributes that would cause a species to change rapidly | high mutation rate or a rapid change in the environment
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| smallest vessels in the circulatory system | capillaries
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| structures that would help a seed disperse by air | wings, plumes, light weight, aerodynamic shape
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| a short, hairlike structure used by some protist to move | cilia
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| long, whiplike structure used by some protist, sperm and bacteria to move | flagella
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| false foot used by a ameoba to move | pseudopod (pseudo=false, pod=foot)
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| technique used to apply the cover slip to the slide when making a wet mount | put the cover slip on at an angle to reduce air bubbles under the cover slip
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| step that follows a virus attaching to a cell | injection of the viral nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)
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| advantage of having a flat tail if living in the water (like a beaver) | the tail is better for swimming
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| type of cell if it lacks a nucleus | prokaryotic (all bacteria)
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| when one species evolves into two species | speciation
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| a substance secreted by a gland that regulates some activity in the body | hormone
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