physiology of reproduction
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| haploid | half the normal compliment of chromosomes. Or SEx cell chromosomes.
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| diploid | 23 pairs of homologues chromosomes
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| tetrad | a set of 4 chromatids
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| synapsis | the making of a homologues pair
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| dyad | sister chromatids
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| chromosome | a set of chromatids holding all the genetic information for zygote.
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| centromere | holds chromatids together
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| spermatogonium | primitive stem cells for making sperm located at the tubule periphery (outside building in)
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| Primary spermatocyte | destined to undergo meiosis. These cells grow towards the lumen of the tubules
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| Secondary spermatocyte | after the first meiosis. dna doesnt replicate after this
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| spermatids | soon to grow into sperm after spermiogenesis (or striping the extraneous cytoplasm)
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| lydig (interstitial) cells | Outside tubules and release testosterone
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| sertoli (sustentacular) cells | inside the cells, nuturing caring, squished, longish
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| acrosome | helmet of sperm, has digestive enzyme that eats teh outer layer of the ovum
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| midpiece | middle of sperm, had mitochondria used for energy
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| tail of sperm | used to whip around for energy
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| oogonium | egg stem cell
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| primary oocyte | the prophase of meiosis I (growth phase)
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| primordial follicles | 1st follicle, squamous single layer cells
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| primary folicle | 2nd follicle when it changes to cuboidal cells, produces estrogens
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| secondary oocyte | after the first meiosis division the daughter cells are produced. This one and another one very small called a polar body
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| ovum | only an ovum and not a secondary oocyte when the sperm penetrates
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| graafian follicle | where the egg is connected to the follicle at the top or any other place having a space in the follicle
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| antrum | space between egg and inside of the outside of the graafian follicle
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| zona pellucida | space between the egg and the granulosa cells
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| granulosa cells | surrounds the egg in the graffian follicle
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| corona radiata | when the egg comes out of the ovary
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