sensory receptors
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| -allow cells to isolate themselves from the environment, this gives them control over their intracellular conditions
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| lipid bilayer | phospholipids
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| purpose of sphingolipids | alter electrical properties
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| purpose of glycolipids | communication between cells
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| purpose of cholesterol | increases membrane fluidity
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| integral membrane proteins | tightly bound to the membrane, either embedded in bilayer or spanning entire bilayer. Consist of aplha helix passes or beta barrels
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| peripheral proteins | weaker association to the bilayer. May have glycolipid anchor
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| high membrane permeability for these molecules | gases and small uncharged polar molecules
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| some membrane permeability for these molecules | water and urea
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| no membrane permeability for these molecules | ions, large uncharged polar molecules, charged polar molecules
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| Types of membrane protiens | -ATP-powered pump
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| the 3 main types of membrane transport | -passive diffusion....use Gradient-facilitated diffusion...uses transport protiens and gradient-active transport...use ENERGY and transport protiens
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| passive diffusion who and how | -lipid soluble molecules
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| membrane potential | electrical gradient across a cell membrane
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| facilitated diffusion who and how | -hydrophobic molecules (amino acids, nucleosides, sugars)
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| Ion channels | form pores-channel has to be open to work
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| voltage gated ion channels | open in response to change in membrane potential
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| ligand gated ion channels | open in response to binding of specific regulatory molecules
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| mechanically gated ion channels | regulated through interaction with subcellular proteins
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| porins | are like ion channels but for bigger molecules....ex aquaporin for H2O
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| Permeases | function more like enzymes. Bind the substance and then undergoes a confirmation change which causes the carrier to release the substrate on other side....ex glucose permease
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| GLUT1 | -a uniporter of glucose
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| some points on electrical gradients | -all transport processes affect chemical gradients
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| electroneutral carriers | transport uncharged molecules or exchange a equal number of charged particles
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| electrogenic carriers | transfer a charge ex NA+/K+ ATPase
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