Final Exam-Biology
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| List 2 chracteristics of viruses,2 of bacteria,and 2 that they have in common. | Virus-Infectious particle only of a piece of DNA,RNA surrounded by a protein coat.Bacteria-single cell prokaryote,they contain nutrients and energy.Both-They cannot reproduce without the help of another cell.
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| What must viruses do before they can reproduce? | Host A Cell
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| What are 2 ways that viruses infect eukaryotes that enter their host cell? | Endocytocsis and finds the nucleus
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| What is the body's first defense against infection? | Skin
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| Why must a new flu vaccine be made every year? | So it can help others fight off the virus when it comes.
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| How does a vaccine work to protect people against infection? | A vaccine triggers the bodys immune system response because the vaccine contains a weakened virus that does not cause illness.
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| What is an epidemic? | An outbreak of a contagious disease that spreads rapidly and widely.
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| What is a vaccine? | Stimulates the body's own immune response against invading microbes.
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| What is a retrovirus? | Rapid outbreak of an infection that affects many people.
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| List 3 reasones why homeostasis in the body might be disrupted. | Causes blood vessels to dialate,increase the flow of blood to skin,causes heart to beat faster.
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| What is homeostasis? | The different part of your body that must be able to communicate with eachother.
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| What is a stimulus? | something that excites an organism or part to functional activity.
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| What are hormones? | Chemical substances, produced in the body by endocrine glands, that are transported by the blood to other organs to stimulate their function.
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| What oragans makeup the central nervous system? | the brain and spinal cord
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| What was Louis Pasteur's theory on human illness called? | Germ Theory
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| What is a pathogen? | An agent that causes infection or disease
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| What is a vector? | An organism, such as a mosquito or tick, that carries disease-causing microorganisms from one host to another.
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| What do memory cells remember? | An antigen
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| What are four different things vaccines can be made of? | Pathogen,Antigen,T Cells and B cells
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| What is a mutation? | A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene
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| What is immunity? | The ability of the body to resist or fight off infection and disease.
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| How was the virus in the movie transferred to others? | By biting of the flesh
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| What type of consumer would the "infected" be in the movie? | The top of the food chain
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