renal physiology
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| 60% of this substance is filtered and 90% reabsorbed by the proximal tubule and thick ascending limb | Calcium
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| Loop diuretics increase its urinary excretion and PTHand thiazides increases it's reabsorption | Calcium
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| 85% is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule by sodium phophate cotransport | phosphate
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| PTH inhibits it's reabsorptiona dn it is a urinary buffer | Phospate
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| 50% is reabsorbed passively in the proximal tubule and ADH increases permeability of collecting ducts to it | Urea
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| Factors that change the distal reabsorption of potassium | dietary intake, Aldosterone( increases secretion), Acid-base(acidosis decreases secretion, Alkalosis increases), thiazides and loop diuretics( increase secretion), and K sparing agents
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| Filtration occurs freely and the proximal tubules reabsorb 67% with sodium and water, loop og henle reabsorbes 29% by sodium-potassium-2chloride cotransporgt | potassium
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| in the distal tubules I cells reabsorb with h-k-ATPase and occurs on a low K diet, while secretion occurs in P cells bu na-k pump | potassium
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| Early distal-reabsorbes by Na-Cl cotransport and because of thiazides | Sodium
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| P-cells reabsorb na/h2o and secrete potassium, Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion | sodium
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| 25 % is reabsorbed in the ascending loop by Na-K-2Cl cotransport | sodium
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| proximal tubule reabsorbs 2/3 , is reabsorbed with glucose, amino acids, phophate, lactate and counter transportedwith H+ | sodium
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| Filtration fraction | the fraction of fenal plasma flow filtered across glomerular capillaries, equals.20, = GFR/RPF
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| ( urine concentration X urine flow)/plasma flow | GFR
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| accomplishe dby changing renal vascular resistance though myogenic and tubuloglomerular feedback | autoregulation of RBF
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| indicates volume of plasma that is cleared of a substance per unit time, ( urine concentration X urine volume)/ plasma concentration | clearance equation
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| 25% of cardiac output, = (RPF)/ 1-Hct | renal blood flow
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| vasoconstriction caused by sympathetic nervous system and angiotensin II, increases GFR | decreased RBF
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| vasodilation caused by prostaglandins, dopamine | increased RBF
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