Martin Luther

Help

Question

Answer

3 Church Abuses

Simony, Nepotism, Pluralism

Simony

buying and selling of church property

Nepotism

appointing family members to position of power

Pluralism

holding more than one office at a time

Wycliff

believed the church was corrupt and comes up with first ideas of reformation

John Huss

a Czech who believed the church should reform

Council of Constance

ends the Great Schism and Babylonian Captivity. Charles V takes control. Huss burnt at stake

The Great Schism

moral decline of the Renaissance popes made people question papal infallibility

John Tetzel

seller of indulgences for Pope Leo X

Martian Luther

95 theses about Catholic corruptions, Protestant branch

Babylonian Captivity

When the Catholic church moved the pope to Avignon; caused the great schism

Diet of Worms

Martian Luther vs Catholic Church; Luther refused to recant, was excommunticated

Views of Martian Luther

salvation by faith alone, bible is ultamite authority, grace of god brings absolution, 7 sacraments not needed, clergy not superior to laity, only lords supper and baptism are necessary, church is subordinate to state

The Schmalkaldic Leauge

formed in fear of Charles V

Peasant's War

first modern peasent uprising; they revolt "in the name of Luther"; Luther says "chrush them"

Peace of Augsburg

allowed the ruler of the land to choose between Lutherism and Catholicism

"Cuis regio, eius religio"

"whose religion, their religion" subjects must accept their ruler's religion

Calvinism

began with Zwingli, disagreed with the concept of Transubstaition; known as the Protestant Rome

John Calvin

same as Luther, except for the role of the state in church affairs; wrote Institutes of the Christian Religion

Views of Calvin

Predestination and church needs a role in gov.

predestination

man is predestined to go to heaven or hell

John Knox

spread calvinism to scotland; presbyterianism

Huguenots

french Calvinists

Henry VIII

broke away from Catholic chruch to divorice Cathrine of Aragon- created the Anglican church

Act of Supremacy

Henry VIII is head of church, not pope. he takes away monastary lands and executes Thomas More

Edward I

Protestant heir of Henry VIII

Mary I

Brings Inquisition to England- "Bloody Mary"

Elizabeth I

practiced Politique- Religious toleration

39 articles

broad and ambiguous religious topics whoch both Protestants and Catholic could believe in

Anglican Church

founded by Elizabeth

High Commission

"Anglican Inquistion" in belief, but not practice

Elizabethan Age

When Elizabeth ruled; Shakespeare wrote plays in this age

Index of Prohibited Books

pope instituted forbidden reading material in order to stop protestants

Council of Trent

agreed that no concessions will be made to the Protestants

Catholic Counter-Reformation

Catholic doctrine remained the same, ended nepotism and indulgences

Pope Paul III

pope during counter crusade

Igantius Loyola

founder of the Jesuits

Jesuits

society of jesus. Strict, militant counter reformers

Gutenberg

printing press

Ignatius Loyola

solider of the church, a militant crusader for the pope; established the Society of Jesus; wrote Spiritual Exercises

Indulgence

selling forgivness by Pope Leo X

Inquisition

A tribunal formerly held in the Roman Catholic Church and directed at the suppression of heresy.

Faith

belief in Jesus

Works

do good things to get into heaven

anabaptists

viewed baptism solely as an external witness to a believer's conscious profession of faith, rejected infant baptism, and believed in the separation of church from state, in the shunning of nonbelievers, and in simplicity of life

Mennonites

A member of an Anabaptist church characterized particularly by simplicity of life, pacifism, and nonresistance

Humanism

A cultural and intellectual movement of the Renaissance that emphasized secular concerns as a result of the rediscovery and study of the literature, art, and civilization of ancient Greece and Rome

Erasmus

believed the pope should come second to the bible