ANAT & PHYS I: FINAL EXAM
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| the study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another | Anatomy
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| the study of the function of the body | Physiology
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| study of tissues | HISTOLOGY
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| Levels of Structural Organization | Chemical,cellular,tissue,organ,organ system, organism
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| Composed of the skin, sweatglands, oil glands, hair, andnails Protects deep tissues frominjury and synthesizes vitamin D | Integumentary System
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| Site of blood cell formation,Stores minerals | Skeletal System
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| Maintains posture,produces heat, Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression. | Muscular System
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| Responds to stimuli by activating muscles and glands, Is the fast-acting controlsystem of the body. | Nervous system
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| Composed of red bone marrow,thymus, spleen, lymph nodes,and lymphatic vessels. Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood. | Lymphatic System
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| Composed of kidneys, ureters,urinary bladder, and urethra. Regulates water, electrolyte,and pH balance of the blood. | Urinary system
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| ability to maintain a relatively stableinternal environment in an ever-changing outside world | Homeostasis
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| system where the output shuts offthe original stimulus Example: Regulation of room temperature | negative feedback
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| system where the output enhances or exaggerates the original stimulusExample: Regulation of blood clotting | positive feedback
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| toward and away from the head, respectively | Superior and inferior
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| away from the midline | lateral
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| cuts made diagonally | Oblique section
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| divides the body into anterior and posterior parts | Frontal or coronal
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| Ventral cavity houses the internal organs (viscera),and is divided into two subdivisions | Thoracic,Abdominopelvic
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| Thoracic cavity is subdivided into two pleural cavities | the mediastinum,and pericardial
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| contains the pericardial cavity;surrounds the remaining thoracic organs | mediastinum
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| unique substances that cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical means | elements
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| The nucleus consists of | neutrons and protons
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| equal to the number of protons | Atomic number
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| average of the mass numbers of all isotopes | Atomic weight
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| atoms with same number of protons but a different number of neutrons | Isotope
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| two or more different kinds of atoms chemically bonded together | Compound
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| two or more components physically intermixed (not chemically bonded) | Mixtures
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| homogeneous mixtures of components | Solutions
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| No chemical bonding takes place in | mixtures
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| All compounds are | homogeneous
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| Compounds cannot be separated by | physical means
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| Properties of Water: is an important part of hydrolysis anddehydration synthesis reactions | reactivity
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| Contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Their major function is to supply a source ofcellular food | Carbohydrates
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| Examples: Neutral fats, Phospholipids, steroidsEicosanoids | LIPIDS
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| modified triglycerides with twofatty acid groups and a phosphorus group | Phospholipids
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| Macromolecules composed of combinations of 20types of amino acids bound together with peptide bonds | PROTEINS
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| release H+ and are therefore proton donors | Acids
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| release OH– and are proton acceptors | bases
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| Reversible unfolding of proteins due to drops in | PH ,increased temperature
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| Body coverings: skin,Body linings: serous membrane,Glandular tissue: tonsils | Epithelial Tissues
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| Epithelial Tissues Functions: | Protection, Absorption, filtration, Secretion
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| Cartilage, Bone, blood | Connective Tissue
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| Functions of Connective Tissue | Binding and support, Protection, insulationTransportation
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| Functions of the: Metabolic functions – synthesis of vitamin D indermal blood vessels, Protection – chemical, physical, and mechanical barrier | Integumentary System
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| Cells undergo rapid division (mitosis), hence its alternate name, stratum germinativum | Stratum Basale, Basal Layer
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| Least malignant and most common skin cancer | Basal Cell Carcinoma
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| Estimates the severity of burns | Rule of Nines
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| Rule of Nines: There are third-degree burns on | face, hands, or feet
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| Rule of Nines: Over 25% of the body has | second-degree burns
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| Rule of Nines: | Over 10% of the body has third-degree burns
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