Bronchopulm. Hygiene
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| What are the four phases of a cough? | 1. Irritation2. Inspiration3. Compression4. ExpulsionEgan's page 922 NECC
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| What therapy involves the use of gravity and mechanical energy to help mobilize secretions? | Postural DrainageEgan's page 928 NECC
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| Secretions that are hardened or thickened through the absorption or evaporation of the liquid portion, as can occur with respiratory secretions when the upper airway is bypassed are called? | InspissatedEgan's page 1318 NECC
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| What 3 things does normal airway clearance require? | 1. patent airway2. functional mucociliary escalator3. effective coughEgan's page 922 NECC
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| Where does mucus originate from? | Goblet cells and submucosal glandsEgan's page 922 NECC
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| Sputum production must exceed_________ mL/day for bronchial hygiene therapy to significantly improve secretion removal. | 25-30 mL/dayEgan's page 925 NECC
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| The primary goal of bronchial hygiene therapy is to help mobilize and remove retained secretions, with the ultimate aim to? | Improve gas exchange and reduce work of breathing.Egan's page 924 NECC
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| What 3 acute conditions would bronchial hygiene therapy NOT be useful for? | 1. acute exacerbation of COPD2. pneumonia without significant sputum production.3. uncomplicated asthmaEgan's page 925 NECC
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| What disease can alter normal mucociliary clearance and cause secretion retention? | Cystic FibrosisEgan's page 924 NECC
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| Conditions in which the respiratory tract cilia do not function properly are classified as? | Ciliary Dyskinetic SyndromesEgan's page 1304 NECC
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| What are the ONLY 2 absolute contraindications to use "turning" for bronchial hygiene therapy? | 1. Unstable spinal cord injuries2. Traction of arm abductorsEgan's page 928 NECC
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| What are the 2 main types of disorders that can impair coughing and lead to mucus plugging, airway obstruction, and atelectasis? | 1. Musculoskeletal2. NeurologicalEgan's page 943 NECC
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| When using postural drainage, how long should a patient be kept positioned? | 3-15 minutesEgan's page 943 NECC
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| Supporting the area of incision or pain during a cough is referred to as? | SplintingEgan's page 935 NECC
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| Name 5 of the causes of impaired mucociliary clearance in intubated patients. | 1. Endotracheal or tracheostomy site2. Tracheobronchial suction3. Inadequate humidification4. High FIO25. DrugsEgan's page 923 Box 40-1 NECC
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| List 4 mechanisms that can impair the cough reflex. | 1. Anesthesia2. CNS depression3. Narcotics4. PainEgan's page 923 Table 40-1 NECC
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| What are 5 general approaches to bronchial hygiene therapy? | 1. postural drainage2. coughing and expulsion techniques3. PAP4. high-frequency compression oscillation methods5. mobilization and exerciseEgan's page 925 NECC
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| Name 4 hazards and/or complications of postural drainage therapy? | 1. hypoxemia2. acute hypotension3. pulmonary hemorrhage4. vomiting and aspirationEgan's page 927 AARC Clinical Practice Guidelines NECC
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| What is the "triple S" rule used during postural drainage therapy? | STOP the therapy (return patient to original position)STAY with the patient until the patient is STABLE.Egan's page 931 Rule of Thumb
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| What are 3 contraindications from the AARC Clinical Practice Guidelines for a directed cough? | -Inability to control possible transmission of infection from patients suspected or known to have pathogens transmittable by droplet nuclei. (M.Tuberculosis)-Elevated ICP or know intracranial aneurysm-Acute unstable head, neck, or spine injury.
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