Branchial arches
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| Branchial pouch 1 | middle ear cavity, eustachian tube, mastoid air cells
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| Branchial pouch 2 | epithelial lining of palatine tonsil
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| Branchial pouch 3 (dorsal) | inferior parathyroids
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| Branchial pouch 3 (ventral) | thymus
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| Branchial pouch 4 | Superior parathyroids
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| Aberrant development of 3 and 4th pouches | DiGeorge syndrome: leads to t cell deficiency (thymic aplasia) and hypocalcemia
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| Branchial arch 1 cartilage (Meckel's) | Malleus, incus, sphenomandibular ligament, mandible
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| Branchial arch 2 cartilage (Reichert's) | Styloid process, stapes, stylohyoid ligament, lesser horn of hyoid
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| Branchial arch 3 cartilage | greater horn of hyoid
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| Branchial arch 4 and 6 cartilage | epiglottic, thyroid cartilage, arytenoids, corniculate, cuneiform
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| Branchial arch 1 muscle | Mylohyoid, (masseters, temporalis, lateral and medial pterygoids), anterior 2/3 of tongue, anterio digastric belly, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini
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| Branchial arch 2 muscle | Stylohyoid, posterior digastric belly, stapedius, muscles of facial expression
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| Branchial arch 3 muscle | stylopharyngeus, poster 1/3 of tongue
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| Branchial arch 4 muscle | cricothyroid, levator veli palatini, pharyngeal constrictors, posterior 1/3 of tongue
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| Branchial arch 6 muscle | Intrinsic laryngeal muscles, no cricothyroid msucle,
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| Congenital pharyngocutaneous fistula | associated with persistance of 3rd cleft and pouch (tonsillar area)
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| Treacher collins | 1st arch neural crest fails to migrate --> mandibular hypoplasia, facial abnormalities
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| Cleft is made from what tissue derivative? | ectoderm
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| Arch is made from what tissue derivative? | mesoderm (muscles, arteries), neural crest (bones, cartilage)
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| Pouch is made from what tissue derivative? | endoderm
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| Arch 1 (think of ___), 2 etc. | 1 = chewing, 2 = facial expression, 3 = stylopharyngeus, 4 = swallowing, 6 = speaking
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| Superior laryngeal branch ___, Recurrent laryngeal branch ____ | 4th arch, 6th arch
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| 1st cleft | external auditory meatus
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| 2nd-4th cleft | temporary cervical sinuses which are olbiterated by 2nd arch
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Created by:
ddecampo
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