ch 11 reproductive system
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| A mature human cell contains how many pairs of chromosomes | 23
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| A mature human cell contains how many chromosomes | 46
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| Genetic material is carried on _________ in the nucleus of each cell | chromosomes
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| chromosomes are contained in bundles of dna and protein called | Chromatin
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| the total number of chromosomes in a cell is the _________ number | diploid
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| Each sex cell is known as a | Gamete
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| The number of chromosomes in each sex cell is known as the _______ number | haploid
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| The union of the haploid sperm and haploid egg results in the formation of a | zygote
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| The female reproductive organs are the | ovaries
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| the ovaries are held in place by 2 ligaments and a fold of the peritoneum. Name them | Suspensory and ovarian ligament and the mesovarium
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| The precursor to a mature egg is | oocytes
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| An oocyte undergoes a maturation process resulting in a mature egg. this process is called | oogenesis
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| what hormones stimulate an oocyte to undergo meiosis | follicle-stimulating hormone FSH and luteinizing hormone LH
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| What do you call the process that takes place in the testes resulting in the production of a haploid sperm | spermatogenesis
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| Each fallopian tube opens directly into the peritoneal cavity in an expanded area called the | infundibulum
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| The narrow opening from the uterus to the vagina is the | cervix
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| the _______ begins at the tip of the cervix and continues into the vagina | cervical canal
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| What is the top segment of the uterus called | the fundus
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| Name the three ligaments that hold the uterus in place | broad,round,and uterosacral ligament
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| Name the three layers of the uterine wall. Starting with the outside,middle and innermost layer | perimetrium, myometrium,endometrium
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| a developed ovum is called | graafian follicle
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| a fertilized egg is called an | embryo
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| The time of the first menstral cycle for a girl is called | menarche
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| the process of fetal development is called | gestation
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| gestation is stimulated by what hormone | human chronic gonadotropin HCG
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| what is the area between the urethral opening and the anus called | the perineum
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| the anterior _____ _______ contains the external genitalia. | urogenital triangle
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| the posterior ____ ______ contains the anal opening | anal triangle
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| what is the female external genitalia referred to as | vulva or pudendum
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| The area anteriorly over the pubic symphysis is known as | mons pubis
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| In a women milk is stored in the | lactiferous sinuses
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| What do you call the pouch of skin and muscle that contains the testes | scrotum
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| what muscle contracts during cold weather to cause the skin of the scrotum to shrink and become firm and wrinkled | dartos muscle
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| what muscle is responsible for pulling the testes closer to the body | cremaster muscle
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| What are sperm cells called | Spermatozoa
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| Where are sperm cells produced | seminiferous tubules
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| approximatly how many days does it take to produce mature haploid sperm | 64
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| spermatozoa leave the testes through what | efferent ductile
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| The prostate gland is a male ____ _____ | sex gland
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| All major organ systems begin to develop during the ______ period. weeks __ to __ | embryonic weeks 3-8
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| during weeks 25-27 the lungs become capable of respiration and produce____ | surfactant
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| A liquid protein substance that coats the alveoli of the lungs. | surfactant
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| Genetics is the study of | heredity
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| the transmission of characteristics from parents to their offspring is | heredity
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| What are the fundamental units of heredity | genes
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| What complex chemicals are contained in the chromosomes | Nucleic acids
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| _______ carry genes that code for numerous body proteins independent of sex | Autosomes
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| ____ _____ code for proteins that determine sex as well as for other proteins | Sex chromosomes
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| An XX chromosome code will code for what sex | Female
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| An XY chromosome code will code for what sex | Male
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| Each single gene contributed by one parent for any particular characteristic is called an | Allele
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| The genetic composition for a given trait is known as | Genotype
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| the observable characteristics of an organism that result from genetic composition and environmental factors | Phenotype
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| An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait, such as rr or RR is identified as being ________ for that trait | homozygous
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| An organism that has two different alleles for a trait, such as Rr is identified as being ________ for that trait | heterozygous
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| An inherited disease caused by the combined actions of two or more genes is called a _____ disease | polygenic
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