Shawnee ADNR193 Immune Stuff
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Inflammation | a non-specific reaction that is immediate and provides short-term protection
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Neutrophils | compromise 55-70% of WBC, mature in bone marrow, first line of defense, perform phagocytosis
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Macrophages | created from monocytes that are released from bone marrow, life span is months to years, perform phagocytosis, repair of injured tissue, antigen processing, and secretions of cytokines
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Basophils | smallest and rarest of WBC, release heparin and vasoactive substances
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Eosinophils | compromise 1-2% of total WBC, posess weak phagocytic activity, release vasoactive substances
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B-Lymphocytes(Antibody-Mediated) | cell with the most direct role, requires assistance from macrophages
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T-lymphocytes(Antibody-Meidated) | produce helper T cells to regulate B lymphocytes
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Agglutination | binding of more than 1 antigen to antibody; slows the movement of antigen through the blood so other WBC's may attack it
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Lysis | antibody attaches to membrane surface antigens, esp. bacteria/viruses
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Complement Fixation | IgG and IgM stimulate complement cascade
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Precipitation | Large complex removed by other WBC's
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Inactivation/Neutralization | antibody cover antigen's active site and renders it useless
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IgG | most abundant antibody in blood, activates complement, neutralizes toxins, enhances phagocytosis, and provides immunity against viral and bacterial infections
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IgM | approx. 10% in blood, activates complement, clears antigen through precipitation, possibly mediates autoimmune reactions, responsible for ABO blood transfusion incompatability
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IgA | less than 15% content in blood, secretory anitbody found in various body secretions, inhibits bacteria and viruses from adhering to skin and mucous membranes
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IgE | less than 1% in blood, degranulation of basophils during inflammatory response, helps clear parasites and prevent respiratory infections, and mediates many hypersensitivity reactions
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IgD | less than 1% in blood and modifies IgM activity
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Innate Immunity | genetically determined, person either does or does not have immunity
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Aquired Immunity | adaptive response to an invasion of antigen, occurs naturally or artificially
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Active Immunity | antigen enters body and body responds by making antigens against it
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Natural Active Immunity | occurs w/o human assistance, person has the disease, most effective and longest lasting immunity
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Artificial Active Immunity | a small amount of antigen introduced so the body will produce antibodies. ex. vaccinations
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Passive Immunity | antibodies introduced into the body but the body did not produce them, provides immediate and short-term protection
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Natural Passive Immunity | provided by mother to fetus across the placenta
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Artificial Passive Immunity | antibodies delibrately injected into a person when a person is exposed to serious disease and has no immunity
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Helper T cell | efficient in recognizing self vs. non-self, secrete lymphokines which regulate activity of other leukocytes, and stimulate and organize the response of total immune system
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T suppressor cell | prevent overstimulation of immune response, have an inhibitory effect on the immune response
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Cytotoxic T cell | bind to HLA antigen complex cell and kill it
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NK cells | "search and destroy" mission throughout the body
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Primary Immunodeficiency | A deficient response that's due to a missing component in the immune response. Has gentic or developmental cause
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Secondary Immunodeficiency | an aquired disease in, or lack of, an immune response as the result of an underlying cause or dysfunction outside of the immune system
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