Vaccines lecture facts WCMC
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| What is active immunizaiton | Induction of immune system through giving a modfied organism
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| What is passive immunization | Administration of a preformed antibody to a non-immune person
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| What are vaccines named after? | Cows
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| Why is smallpox vaccine dangerous and affective? | Live organism used to stimulate immune system
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| How are toxins made? | They are made from bacterial toxins, bacterial capsules, viral surface proteins. They can be whole and inactived or live but attentuated.
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| Name some examples of attenuated vaccines? | MMR, Varicella, Rotavirus, Influenza, Oral Polio
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| What are the advantages of live attenuated? | 1)Closest to natural pathogen 2) Can provide long lasting immunity
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| What are the disadvantages of whole inactivated? | 1) Can cause mild disease 2) Can't give to immunocompromised
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| Name some examples of whole organism? | Hep A, Influenza, Polio
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| What are the advantages of whole inactivated? | 1) Yes immunocompromised 2) No danger of disease
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| What are the disadvantages of whole inactivated? | 1) many doses 2) Immuno may not make response
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| What are component vaccines? | Take out part of organism that causes disease
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| What is a toxoid? Give an example | Produce toxin eg. DTAP
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| What are encapsulated bacteria? Examples? | H. Influenza B, Pneumococcus (PCV7, PDV), Meningococcus (MPV4, MCV4)
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| What are recombinant vaccines? Name some examples. | They are like encapsulated bacteria but with viruses. Hep B, HPV
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| What are the advantages and disadvantages of component vaccines? | Do not cause disease. However cannot be used on immunocompromised.
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| Why are so many vaccines given 1st 6 months? | 1) Children Immunonologically immature, can't make antibody response to encapsulated bacteria until 2-3 years. Increase risk of infection from bacteria 2) These guys secrete IgM at large quantities 3) Protect against diseases they are vulnerable to
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| Why give Hep B to newborns? | Affective to stop baby getting ti from mom. Can stop cancer
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| Why give Rotavirus vaccine | B/c Rotavirus has high mortality (60%)
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| What are some problems of DPT? | Seizures, encephalopathy, SIDS
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| Is a pretussis booster given? | Yes, in teenage kids
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| How do you immunize kids w/ encapsulated bacteria/ | Conjugate capsule w/ immunogenic protein
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| What ist he vaccine that is used for meningitis? What does it cover? | MCV4, Covers serotypes A, C, Y and W-135. Not serotype B which is 30% of cases.
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| What is used now IPV or OPV? | IPV
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| Varivax was given in USA or Japan? | Japan
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| What is the recommendation to receive Hep A vaccine | 12 months
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| What are teh 2 vaccines for influenza? | Inactivated vaccine, cold adapted live attentuated vacine
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| When should vaccines not be given? | 1) Moderately ill 2) Hypersentivity 3) Fever seizures or encephalitis after previous vaccine 4) Immunocompromised 5) Pregnant
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| There are some misconceptions about when should vaccines be given. What are they? | Antibiotics, recoverred from illness, Fam hx seizures, Recently exposed to ID, Someone in house is pregnant
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