autonomic nervous system
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| What division of the ANS is said to function as “rest and digest”; as “fight or flight”? | parasympathetic nervous system and sympathetic
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| What is meant by thoracolumbar outflow and craniosacral outflow? | Because of its location, the parasympathetic system is commonly referred to as having "craniosacral outflow," which stands in contrast to the sympathetic nervous system, which is said to have "thoracolumbar outflow."
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| preganglionic? | Are the first neurons in a two neuron chain for the ANS. They are lightly myelinated, thin fibers. SHORT
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| postganglionic fiber? | Are the second neurons in the two neuron chain for the ANS. They are even thinner when compared to the first neuron, and are unmyelinated. LONG
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| somatic motor neurons? |
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| Which fibers (pre or post ganglionic) are long or short in the sympathetic and parasympathetic NS? | Parasympathetic, has longer preganglionic and short postganglionic fibers. Sympathetic, has shorter preganglionic and longer postganglionic fibers
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| What is the overall job of the parasympathetic system? | it performs maintenance activities and conserves body energy
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| What is the overall job of the sympathetic system? | it mobilizes the body during extreme situations
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| What is the most important role of the Parasympathetic system? | Its the D division
-digestion
-defecation
-diuresis (urination)
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| What is the most important role of the sympathetic system? | Its the E division
-exercise
-excitement
-emergency
-embarrassment
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| In the sympathetic NS and parasympathetic NS where are the preganglionic neurons located? | Parasympathetic fibers emerge from the brain and sacral spinal cord, and visceral effector. Sympathetic fibers emerge from the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord
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| What is the cranial outflow of the parasympathetic division? | -oculomotor (3)
-facial (7)
-glossopharyngeal (9)
-vagus (10
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| What effector organs do ganglionic neurons of the ANS innervate? | visceral effector organ
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| What are the two major neurotransmitter released by the ANS? | -Acetylcholine
-Norepinephrine
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| What distinguishes the sympathetic from the parasympathetic divisions? | 1- Their unique origin sites
2- The relative length of their fibers
3- the location of their ganglia
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| When are the sympathetic NS and the parasympathetic NS especially active? | REST AND DIGESTION- PARA
FIGHT OR FLIGHT- SYMPA
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| What is a visceral motor neuron whose cell body is within the CNS called? | PREGANGLIONIC
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| What are collateral ganglia”? What structures in general do neurons of the collateral ganglia supply? | are sympathetic ganglia which lie between the paravertebral ganglia and the target organ. abdomen, pelvis
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| What organs would be affected by injury to the cervical sympathetic ganglia? | -heart
-pupils
-salivary glands
-lungs
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| What does the adrenal medulla secrete when stimulated by the sympathetic Ns? | epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and a small amount of dopamine.
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| What are the effects of sympathetic stimulation? | increase heart beat
iris-dilate
vessel- restrict
adrenal medulla -secrete
secret-epinephr and nonepinephri
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| What are sympathomimetic drugs? What kind of effects do they have? | aka adrenergic drugs and adrenergic amines are stimulant compounds which mimic the effects of agonists of the sympathetic nervous system such as the catecholamines.
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| parasympathetic is | cholergenic
muscarinic
nicotinic
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| sympathetic is | adrenergic
alpha
beta
dopaminergic
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| What are the effects of parasympathetic stimulation? | Rest and Digest actions
- accommodates = makes lens rounder
heart-decrese
blood vessel- dilate
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| Cholinergic fibers include: | • somatic motor fibers
• preganglionic autonomic fibers
• parasympathetic fibers
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| Adrenergic fibers: | Most postganglionic sympathetic fibers release norepinephrine. They are noradrenergic fibers.
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