Duke PA Bacterial Infections of the Skin
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superficial skin infections | impetigo, intertrigo
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pyodermas | abscesses, furuncles, carbuncles
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soft tissue infections | cellulitis, erysipelas
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non-specific skin term (doesn't say anything about pathology) | intertrigo, folliculitis
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superficial kind of cellulitis | erysipelas
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bacteria causes almost all types of cellulitis | streptococcus
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pain out of proportion to how lesion looks | necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTI)
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type of superficial cellulitis, almost always group A strep; sharp, raised borders | erysipelas
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type of intertrigo caused by C. minutissium | erythrasma
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type of NSTI caused by P. aeruginosa | ecthyma gangrenosum
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a deep type of impetigo, is an ulcerative lesion with thick crust that is usually tender | ecthyma
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scabbing eruption, very common in children but adults often infected, | impetigo
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etiologic agents of impetigo | A B-hemolytic streptococcus pyogenes or S. aureus
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predisposing factors for impetigo | truama (minor), underlying dermatoses, poor hygiene, previous antibiotic therapy, warm temps/high humidity
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appearance of impetigo non-bullous | small pustules or vesicles that erode crust (honey-colored), surrounding skin is usually inflammed
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appearance of impetigo bullous | vesicles or bullae containing clear or turbid fluid, surrounding skin can be normal
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topical treatment for impetigo | bactroban (mupirocin), altabax (retapamulin)(MSSA only)
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bacterial causes of intertrigo | groups A and B streptococci, non-diptheroid species of Corynebacterium, P. aeruginosa
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skin on skin can cause | intertrigo
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tend to see satellite lesions with __ caused intertrigo | candida
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bacterial intertrigo __ bad | smells
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patients that have an increased risk of erythrasma, it is bright red w/ woods lamp | diabetics
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topical treatment for erythrasma | benzoyl peroxide, mupirocin, imiadazoles
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neck-fold intertrigo in babies think __ | strep
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dermal ulceration, crust is yellowish-gray and thicker and harder than crust in impetigo, children and elderly at risk | ecthyma
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pyoderma etiology is almost always | S. aureus
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localized, walled off collection of pus, can develop at any cutaneous site, starts as firm nodule that becomes fluctuant | abscess
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deep-seated erythematous nodule, common in hair bearing regions or areas of friction, develop central necrotic plug | furuncle
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large area of coalescing abscesses or furuncles | carbuncle
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gold standard treatment of abscesses, furuncles, and carbuncles | incision and drainage
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when doing an I and D be sure to remove __ or infection will recur | loculations
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adjunctive therapy to I and D | systemic antibiotics and warm compresses
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populations at risk for CA-MRSA | native americans, african americans, homeless, populations in close quarters, incarcerated military recruits, children in daycare, competitive athletes
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cornerstone of CA-MRSA treatment | I and D
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most common soft tissue infections | cellulitis, and erysipelas
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clinical presentation of soft tissue infections | acute, diffuse inflammation of skin, +warmth and tenderness, systemic symptoms not uncommon
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predisposing factors for soft tissue infections | trauma, surgery, mucosal infection, underlying dermatoses, immunologic deficiency
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extends into subcutaneous tissue, borders are often indistinct, | cellulitis
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etiologic agents of cellulitis | GAS, S. aureau
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superficial cellulitis, raised borders with clear demarcation from uninvolved skin. | erysipelas
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etiologic agents responsible for erysipelas | GAS, very rarely S. aureus
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part of the body that is most commonly affected by erysipelas | lower extremity and face
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treatment therapy for cellulitis and erysipelas | penicillinase-resistant synthetic penicillins or cephalosporins. use macrolides ( but not erythromycin) in penicillin allergic patients
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supportive treatment for cellulitis and erysipelas | rest, elevation, warm compresses
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peggy wants us to know about what drug for the treatment of cellulitis and erysipelas. It is very cheap and it works well | dicloxacillin
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common sites of infection for necrotizing soft tissue infections | perineum, extremities, trunk
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predisposing factors for folliculitis | shaving, friction in or occlusion of hair covered areas of the body, immunosuppression, topical corticosteroids
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sites of prediliction for folliculitis | face (especially beard), scalp, neck, legs, trunk, and buttocks
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aka barber's itch | pseudofolliculitis barbae
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keloidal folliculitis is found in what part of the body | nape of neck at hairline
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prevention of infectious folliculitis | antibacterial soaps
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infection of subcutaneous lymphatic channels, usually results from trauma, red streaking from wound | acute lymphangitis
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most common etiology of acute lymphangitis | group A streptococcis, less commonly S. aureus
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gram negative bacteria found in marine animals that inhabit warm bodies of water | vibrio spp
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very rare in the US, usually acquired via contact with infected animals or their products or from feed, soil contaminated with spores of the bacillus | cutaneous anthrax
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systemic tx for erythrasma | doxycycline, macrolides
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systemic treatment for impetigo | cephalosporins, dicloxacillin
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