Stack #225805
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| sensory neuron (afferent) | from sensory receptors to Cns
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| motor neuron (efferent) | from cns to effetor organs
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| autonomic motor nerves | conducts an ap to involuntary organs
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| autonomic nervous system | has 2 divisions sympathetic and parasympathetic
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| sympathetic | fight or flight
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| parasympathetic | rest and digest
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| the ANS involves | 2 neurons
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| postganglionic neuron cell bodies are located | sympathetic chain ganglia, collateral ganglia, adrenal medulla
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| preganglionic neuron cell bodies are located | brain & spinal cord
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| neurons that release acetylcholine are | cholenergic neurons
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| neurons that release norepinephrine are | adrenergic neurons
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| types of receptors | cholinergic and adrenergic
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| types of cholinergic receptors | muscurinic and nicotinic
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| types of adrenergic receptors | alpha 1 beta 1 beta 2
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| alpha 1 | vasoconstriction of blood vessels, results in dilation pupils
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| beta1 | increase in heart rate, increase in contractility
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| beta2 | vasodialation of arterioles and dialation of bronchioles
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| epinephrine | alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, beta 2
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| norepinephrine | alpha 1 alpha 2 and beta 1
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| what is meant by membrane potential | potential energy stored in a cell membrane measured using voltage
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| do different types of cells have the same mp | no
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| what does the sign + or - indicate on the voltage meter | the charge of the particle inside
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| at rmp of -90 where are the + and - signs located | alonge the cell membrane or throughout the cytoplasm
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| what are the three factors that determine the rmp of a cell | permability difference na/k non gated channels, na/k atpase pump,
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| permability means | for every na+ that enters 50-100 k+ will leave
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| atpase pump means | 2 k+ enter 3 na+ leave
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| hyper polerization | increase in rmp
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| depolerization | decrease in rmp
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| repolerization | return to rmp
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| excitable cells | change the voltage of rmp the change is done through gated channels
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| what is meant by summation of graded potential where does it occur | hperpol. and depol are added togetherproximal to sensory receptors and axon hillock
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| what is meant by threshhold | voltage required for opening of voltage gated channels
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| what type of channels are found on dendrites | ligand gated channels
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| what type of channels are found on cell bodies | ligand gated
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| what type of channels are found on the axon and axon hillock | voltage gated channels
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| what are the three steps of ap | increase in na+ perm , closure of voltage ate d channles, increase in k+ perm
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| why are the ap potentials conducted faster on mylentated nerves then unmylentated | b/c the nodes are depolerized
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| what happens when ap reaches the end of the axon | causes depol of the vg calcium channels
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| membrane potentials | must start at resty -90 ^ depol(-) decrease \/ hyper(+) increase the threshold is - 50
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| everything is colenergic except | symp smooth cardiac gland
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| somatic | skeletal you control
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| autonomic | you cant control
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