Duke PA Diagnostic Methods Viral Hepatitis
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| general term to describe liver inflammation | hepatits
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| causes of hepatitis | immunologic damage, toxic damage (alcohol, drugs, poisons, chemicals), infections (viral, bacterial, protozoal, fungal)
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| WBC in hepatitis | normal to low
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| AST in hepatitis | striking elevation early (20x normal)
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| ALT in hepatitis | striking elevation early (20x normal)
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| __ often precedes the appearance of jaundice, may become incidental indicator of liver injury | bilirubinuria
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| usually not needed for diagnosis of acute viral hepatitis, but very useful in staging chronic hepatitis C | liver biopsy
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| the acute viral hepatitides | A and E
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| the chronic viral hepatitides | B, C, and D
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| Hepatitis A and E are transmitted via | fecal/oral route
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| hepatitis B, C, and D are transmitted via | percutaneous permucosal/blood/blood derived body fluids
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| diagnosis of acute infection by presence of | IgM anti-HAV
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| presence of IgG anti-HAV indicates | previous exposure to HAV, noninfectivity and immunity
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| used to be called serum hepatitis | hepatitis B
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| first evidence of infection , persists throughout clinical illness, detection establishes infetion with HBV and implies infectivity | HBsAg
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| appears after clearance of HBsAg and after successful vaccination against Hep B, detection signals recovery from HBV infection, noninfectivity and immunity | anti-HBs
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| appears soon after HBsAg, before anti-HBs, presecne with acute hepatitis symptoms indicate acute Hep B, persists for 3-6 months | Anti-HBc IgM
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