In class cumulative Reviews 1-18
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| Identify catheter components labeled such as: | primary curve, secondary curve, tertiary curve, side holes 0 2 will go downstream and waveform won't dampen or ventricularize
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| What do the letters TVP stand for? | Transvenous Pacing
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| What code letters indicate that the TVP mode is asynchronous? | VOO
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| In the fetal heart what embryologic tissue forms the atrio-ventricular groove, the A-V valves, the septum primum and the peri-membranous portion of the ventricular septum? | endocardial cushions- can get total AV canal defect
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| The intersection of the posterior atrioventricular groove and the posterior interventricular groove forms the crux of the heart. What vessel descends down from that junction? | PDA - posterior descending artery
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| Be ble to identify Mobitz I Wenkebach. | long longer longer, drop
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| Can Mobitz I occur with PEA? | Yes
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| How is Mobitz I with PEA treated? | CPR, Epi, Atropine
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| Correct energy sequence for biphasic defibrillation in 2013 is: | In VF or pulseless VT 120- 200 Joules; start with 120 Joules and increase in steps up to 200
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| What type of EKG pattern is likely with the T wave in pericarditis? | Upwardly concave
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| Which type of angiogram would be most likely to best define aortic insufficiency? | 45 LAO supravalvular aortogram - All contrast should be going forward. If you see the LV = aortic regurgitation
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| Central venous pressure ( or Right Atrial) can directly assess what? | fluid status (Normal RA pressure = 5)
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| PEA can be caused by what? | Hypovolemia, Hypoxia, Hyperkalemia, hypokalemia, Thrombus(probably PE), Trauma(Commtio Cardis), Toxins (drug overdose), pneumothorax
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| The most important intervention in cardiac arrest is | early defibrillation
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| Should it be necessary to defibrillate a patient with a permanent pacemaker, the defibrillator paddles should be placed: | At least 1 inch away from generator
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| Name a suction device and be able to identify it in a picture | Yankauer
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| Be able to visually identify a rake and blade and know what it is | retractor
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| The physician orders 2000 units of unfractionated heparin IV. To check for the proper level of anticoagulation draw the first ACT: | 5 minutes after administered
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| 20 yr old asymptomatic male with percutaneous ASD closure. Transthoracic echo shows right atrial & right ventricular dilation. TEE shows 5mm ostium secundum defect. Data obtained at cardiac cath: SVC 91, RA 85, IVC 77, RV 84, MPA 82, LA 98. Next step? | Get high SVC sat to rule out partial anomalous pulmonary venous return - close ASD & move PV to LA in same surgery
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| Why a high alert warning on IV heparin bag? | Heparin flush for drip pressure tubing is 1,000 units in 250ml. Acute MI 25,000 units in 250ml. So you don't mix up the two
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| Be able to identify catheters: | Multipurpose A and B, JL short tip, Voda Left, Amplatz left
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| What radiologic view is usually best to manage the normal origin of the right coronary ostium? | 30 to 40 LAO
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| What is the principle cause of pulmonic valve stenosis? | congenital
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| What happens when a catheter is deep seated in an artery? | Ventricularization of the waveform
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| The Corindus robotic 6 French catheter has an outer diameter of? | 2mm
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| Review the picture in question number 4 cumulative review6. What rhythm is it? | electrical alternans associated with pericardial effusion
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| Post MI your patient develops orthopnea, hemoptysis and bilateral crackles. He has: | LV failure with pulmonary edema
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| The condition caused by being hit in the chest with enough force to cause trauma is called | commotio cordis
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| What medication potentiates contrast nephropathy? | Glucophage
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| What type of wire is used with OTW balloons? | Exchange length
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| Match Jacky catheter: Shepherd's Crook Right, Superior takeoff LMCA, Dilated aortic root, Radial approach, Inferior takeoff | Radial approach
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| Match Arani 75: Shepherd's Crook Right, Superior takeoff LMCA, Dilated aortic root, Radial approach, Inferior takeoff | Shepherd's Crook Right
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| Match Amplatz left 4: Shepherd's Crook Right, Superior takeoff LMCA, Dilated aortic root, Radial approach, Inferior takeoff | Superior takeoff LMCA
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| Match Judkins Left 6: Shepherd's Crook Right, Superior takeoff LMCA, Dilated aortic root, Radial approach, Inferior takeoff | Dilated aortic root
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| Match Hockey Stick: Shepherd's Crook Right, Superior takeoff LMCA, Dilated aortic root, Radial approach, Inferior takeoff | Inferior take-off
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| What drug does the ACT machine tests the effect of? | Heparin
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| What should the ACT be during an intervention? | Above 200- 250
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| What should the ACT be when pulling a sheath? | below 160
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| What is the mitraclip system used for? | Mitral valve regurgitation
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| How is it possible to havbe a pullback and a simultaneous in the same tracing? | Pigtail from LV to AO, while femoral sheath records arterial pressure
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| Diastoli gradient plus cannon v-waves plus atrial fibrillation = what? | Mixed mitral regurgitation with stenosis
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| ABG's read: pH 7.53, pO2 85, pCO2 25, HCO3 22. This is: | uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
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| What solution is in the arterial pressure bag and what should it be pumped up to? | Heparin 1000 units, pump up to 300
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| What will be seen on the EKG with hyperkalemia? | Big T waves, too much potassium = heart stops
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| In x-ray production amperage is increased by doing what? | # of electrons heating tungsten cathode coil thereby increasing thermionic emission
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| What is done for HOCM? | septal myectomy or if not a surgical candidate then alcohol ablation with balloon catheter
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| In x-ray production, increasing the voltage is accomplished by doing what? | Increasing positive charge on rotating anode
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| In X-ray production kVp has what affect on image quality? | Increased penetration, improved image brightness, especially in larger patients
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| How could a deep vein thrombosis cause a Transient Ischemic Attack? | Embolus passes through ASD to LA to LV to AO to brain "cryptogenic stroke"
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| What is used to treat Torsades? | 1 G Magnesium Sulfate
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| How does Magnesium Sulfate help with Torsades? | provides essential mineral for Na K pump
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| Which angiographic view will produce the highest exposure to staff on the right side of the patient? | LAO cranial
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| A catheter with an outer diameter of 4mm would be _____ French. | 12 French
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| The first antiarrhythmic administered in the management of the patient in pulseless ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation is: | Amiodarone
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| When starting an IV, how far should the tourniquet be placed above the site being examined for access? | 6 inches
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| What "clot buster", now used for accelerated thrombolysis with the Ekos ultrasound catheter, was originally extracted from the human kidney cells? | Urokinase (We use Alteplase or Tenektoplase now)
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| What are rigors? | Uncontrollable involuntary shaking
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| What causes rigors? | Adverse effect of contrast
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| What medication is used to treat rigors? | Demerol
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| What is urticaria? | hives
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| What causes urticaria? | Allergic reaction
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| What medication is used to treat urticaria? | Benadryl
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| What is an anaphylactoid reaction? | Reaction involving more than 1 organ system
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| What premedications are used for patients with documented prior contrast allergy? | Methylprednisone, Benadryl, Famotidine, or Ranitidine
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| Name a medication for bronchospasm, provided in breathing treatments by respiratory therapists | Albuterol
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| What is a pyrogen reaction sometimes associated with contrast administration? | Hot feeling, usually short lasting
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| The unit which measures the electrical current of the x-ray tube is the: | milliamp or mAs (The # of xrays you're creating)
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| Be ab;e to calculate serum osmolarity Ex if sodium is 140, glucose 140 and BUN 15 | 280 + 7 + 3 = 290 ie: 2 sodium + (Glucose /20) + (BUN/5)
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| Be able to calculate maximum allowable contrast total if a pt weighs 150kg with a creatinine of 3 | (150 x5) /3 = 250ml
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| Elective cath patients with renal insufficiency may be given oral_______ preprocedure | Mucomyst (acetylcysteine)
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| Intravenous Mannitol may be helpful in treating or preventing what post catheterization? | contrast induced nephropathy (acute tubular necrosis)
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| The Amplatzer Cardiac Plug is used for | Left atrial appendage closure preventing stroke due to mural thrombus embolization
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