White Module Terminology
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| abort/o | to miscarry
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| albumin/o | albumin (protein)
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| amni/o | amnion (amniotic sac)
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| andr/o | male
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| azot/o | nitrogenous compounds
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| bacteri/o | bacteria
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| balan/o | glans penis
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| cervic/o | neck; cervix uteri
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| chori/o | chorion
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| colp/o | vagina
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| corp/o | body
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| corpor/o | body
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| cortic/o | cortex
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| culd/o | cul-de-sac
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| crypt/o | hidden
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| cyst/o | bladder
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| epididym/o | epididymis
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| episi/o | vulva
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| galact/o | milk
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| gen/o | forming, producing, origin
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| genit/o | genitalia
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| gest/o | pregnancy
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| glomerul/o | glomerulus
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| gon/o | seed
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| gonad/o | gonads, sex glands
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| gyn/o | woman, female
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| gynec/o | woman, female
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| hem/o | blood
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| hyster/o | uterus (womb)
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| kal/i | potassium
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| kern/o | kernel (nucleus)
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| ket/o | ketone bodies
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| keton/o | ketone bodies
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| lact/o | milk
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| lapar/o | abdomen
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| lith/o | stone, calculus
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| mamm/o | breast
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| mast/o | breast
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| meat/o | opening, meatus
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| men/o | menses, menstruation
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| metr/o | uterus; measure
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| metri/o | uterus
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| nat/o | birth
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| natr/o | sodium
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| nephr/o | kidney
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| noct/o | night
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| obstetr/o | midwife
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| olig/o | scanty
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| oophor/o | ovary
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| orch/o | testis
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| orchi/o | testis
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| orchid/o | testis
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| ovari/o | ovary
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| pen/o | penis
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| perine/o | perineum
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| peritone/o | peritoneum
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| phim/o | muzzle
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| prostat/o | prostate gland
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| py/o | pus
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| pyel/o | renal pelvis
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| ren/o | kidney
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| salping/o | tube
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| schiz/o | split
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| semin/i | semen; seed
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| semin/o | semen; seed
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| sperm/i | sperm
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| sperm/o | sperm
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| spermat/o | sperm
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| test/o | testis
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| thalass/o | sea
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| therapeut/o | treatment
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| trigon/o | trigone
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| ur/o | urine, urinary tract
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| ureter/o | ureter
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| urethr/o | urethra
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| urin/o | urine, urinary tract
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| uter/o | uterus
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| vagin/o | vagina
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| varic/o | dilated vein
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| vas/o | vans deferens
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| vesic/o | bladder
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| vesicul/o | seminal vesicle
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| vulv/o | vulva
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| -al | pertaining to
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| -algia | pain
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| -arche | beginning
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| -ary | pertaining to
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| -cele | hernia, swelling
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| -centesis | surgical, puncture
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| -ception | conceiving
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| -cide | killing
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| -cision | a cutting
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| -clesis | closure
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| -continence | to hold back
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| -cyesis | pregnancy
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| -ectasis | dilation, expansion
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| -ectomy | excision, removal
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| -emia | blood condition
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| -gen | forming, producing, origin
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| -genesis | forming, producing origin
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| -grade | to go
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| -gram | record, writing
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| -gravida | pregnant woman
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| -ia | conditon
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| -iasis | abnormal condition
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| -ic | pertaining to
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| -ician | specialist
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| -icterus | jaundice
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| -ism | condition
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| -itis | inflammation
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| -ization | process of
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| -lith | stone, calculus
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| -logist | specialist in study of
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| -lysis | separation, destruction, loosening
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| -megaly | enlargement
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| -oid | resembling
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| -oma | tumor
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| -osis | abnormal condition increase
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| -para | to bear
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| -pathy | disease
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| -pexy | fixation
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| -plasty | surgical repair
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| -poiesis | formation, production
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| -potence | power
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| -ptosis | prolapse, downward displacement
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| -rrhagia | bursting forth
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| -rrhage | bursting forth
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| -rrhaphy | suture
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| -rrhea | discharge, flow
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| -rrhexis | rupture
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| -salpinx | tube
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| -schisis | a splitting
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| -scope | instrument of examining
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| -scopy | visual examination
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| -spadias | slit, fissure
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| -stenosis | narrowing, stricture
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| -therapy | treatment
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| -tocia | childbirth, labor
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| -tomy | incision
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| -tripsy | crushing
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| -uria | urine
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| -version | turning
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| a-, an- | without, not
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| ante- | before, in front of
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| brachy- | short
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| circum- | around
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| contra- | against, opposite
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| dia- | through, across
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| dys- | bad, painful, difficult
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| ec- | out, out from
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| ecto- | outside, downward
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| endo- | in, within
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| epi- | above, upon
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| hypo- | under, below deficient
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| im- | not
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| in- | in, not
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| multi- | many, much
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| neo- | new
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| nulli- | none
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| poly- | many, much
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| post- | after, behind
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| pre- | before, in front of
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| primi- | first
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| pseudo- | false, fake
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| retro- | backward, behind
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| tri- | three
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| AB, Ab, ab | abortion
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| AGN | acute glomerulonephritis
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| AI | artificial insemination
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| ARF | acute renal failure
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| ATN | acute tubular necrosis
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| BNO | bladder neck obstruction
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| BPH | benign prostatic hyperplasia/ hypertrophy
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| BSE | breast self examination
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| BUN | blood urea nitrogen
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| C&S | culture and sensitivity
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| CA | cancer, chronological age, cardiac arrest
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| Cath | catheterization, catheter
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| CPD | cephalopelvic disproportion
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| CRF | chronic renal failure
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| CRRT | continuous renal replacement therapy
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| CS, C-section | cesarean section
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| CT | computed tomography
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| CWP | child birth without pain
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| cysto | cystoscopy
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| D&C | dilation/ dilatation and curettage
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| DRE | digital rectal examination
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| DUB | dysfunctional uterine bleeding
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| EBR | external beam radiation
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| EBT | external beam therapy
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| ED | erectile dysfunction
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| EMG | electromyography
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| ESRD | end-stage renal disease
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| ESWL | extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy
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| EU | excretory urography
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| FECG, FEKG | fetal electrocardiogram
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| FHR | fetal heart rate
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| FHT | fetal heart tone
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| FSH | follicle-stimulating hormone
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| FTND | full-term normal delivery
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| G | gravida
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| GC | gonococcus
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| GU | genitourinary
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| GYN | gynecology
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| HCG | human chorionic gonadotropin
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| HD | hemodialysis
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| HPV | human papillomavirus
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| HRT | hormone replacement therapy
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| HSG | hysterosalpingography
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| HSV | herpes simplex virus
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| HSV-2 | herpes simplex virus type 2
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| HTN | hypertension
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| IC | interstitial cystitis
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| IUD | intrauterine device
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| IUGR | intrauterine growth rate/ retardation
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| IVF | in vitro fertilization
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| IVF-ET | in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer
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| IVP | intravenous pyelogram/ pyelography
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| K | potassium
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| KUB | kidney, ureter, bladder
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| LBW | low birth weight
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| LH | luteinizing hormone
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| LMP | last menstrual period
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| LSO | left salpingo-oophorectomy
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| MSU | midstream urine
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| Na | sodium
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| NB | newborn
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| OB | obstetrics
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| OCPs | oral contraceptive pills
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| Pap | papanicolaou test
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| para 1,2,3.... | unipara, bipara, tripara
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| PCNL | percutaneous nephrolithotomy
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| pH | symbol for degree of acidity or alkalinity
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| PID | pelvic inflammatory disease
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| PIH | pregnancy induced hypertension
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| PKD | polycystic kidney disease
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| PMP | previous menstrual period
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| PMS | premenstrual syndrome
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| PSA | prostate-specific antigen
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| RP | retrograde pyelogram/pyelography
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| RSO | right salpingo-oophorectomy
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| RV | residual volume
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| sono | sonogram
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| sp. gr. | specific gravity
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| STI | sexually transmitted infection
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| STD | sexually transmitted disease
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| TAH | total abdominal hysterectomy
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| TRAM | transverse rectus abdominis muscle
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| TSE | testicular self- examination
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| TURBT | transurethral resection of bladder tumor
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| TURP | transurethral resection of the prostate
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| TVH | total vaginal hysterectomy
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| UA | urinalysis
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| UC | uterine contractions
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| US | ultrasound; ultrasonography
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| UTI | urinary tract infection
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| VCUG | voiding cystourethrography
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| VD | venereal disease
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| VUR | vesicoureteral reflux
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