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Plate Tectonics for Junior Certificate students

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Term
Definition
Crust   The Earth's outer skin, made of solid rock between 10km and 60km thick.  
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Mantle   A layer of hot, soft rock in a molten of semi-molten state with temperatures of about 4000c.  
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Core   Found at the centre of the Earth and made of nickel and iron, this is the hottest layer of the Earth, at over 5000c  
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Magma   The molten or semi-molten material that makes up the Earth's mantle.  
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Plates   The sections that the Earth's crust is broken into.  
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Plate tectonics   The theory that attempts to explain the movement of plates and the features that result.  
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Convection currents   The movement of magma in a circular motion as it is heated by the core.  
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Transform boundary   Plates that slide past each other , neither creating or destroying crust.  
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Destructive boundary   Where plates collide causing crust to be destroyed as the heavier plate is forced down in to the mantle where it melts.  
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Constructive boundary   Where plates separate causing new crust to be created as magma rises to the surface cools and solidifies.  
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Continental drift   The process by which the plates drift on the mantle carrying the continents with them,  
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Pangaea   The singular large landmass when all the continental plates were connected.  
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Created by: Ms O Sullivan
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