Terms on Volcanoes for Lessons 1 through 5
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| volcano | a vent in the earth's crust that is shaped like a cone or is just fissure (crack) in the crust
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| crater | a funnel-shaped hole that is created after a volcanic eruption
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| magma | melted rock that is below the surface of the earth
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| lava | melted rock that is on top of the earth's surface
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| hot spots | an area of the earth's crust that is hot because it is directly over a chamber of magma
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| subduction zone | a place where one tectonic plate is moving under another tectonic plate
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| rift | a deep crack that is made when two tectonic plates move apart from each other
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| aa | rough sharp hardened lava rock
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| pahoehoe | smooth billowing or rope-like hardened lava rock
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| pyroclastics | material that is spewed from a volcano, such as ash and rock
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| volcanic bomb | a blob of lava that is hardened on the outside but is still molten on the inside that comes out of a volcano
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| dike | a vertical pluton
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| sill | a horizontal pluton
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| pluton | hardened magma under the surface of the earth
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| laccolith | domed shaped pluton
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| batholith | very large and massive pluton
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| active volcano | a volcano that has erupted or soon will erupt
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| dormant volcano | volcano that has not erupted in a long time but could erupt in the future
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| tiltmeter | instrument that uses water to egister changes in the earth's angle
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| Extinct Volcano | volcano that can no longer erupt; dead
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| alive volcano | a volcano that is currently erupting
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| icelandic eruption | a mild eruption that is composed of thin lava from many vents
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| hawaiian eruption | mild eruption with thin lava from one vent
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| stromboli eruption | powerful eruption with thick lava, much gas and steam,
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| Vulcanian eruption |
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| Pelean eruption |
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| Plinian eruption |
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| Shield volcano | a volcano that is very gently sloping that has one or more vent
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| Cinder cone volcano | the smallest of the volcanoes that is made of cinder and ash
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| composite volcano | a deep-sided volcano that is composed of layers of cinder and ash and layers of hardened lava rock
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Created by:
Mrs. Sutherland
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