Plant Structure, Growth and Development
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| You are studying a plant from the arid southwestern United States. Which of the following adaptations is least likely to have evolved in response to water shortages? | Development of large leaf surfaces to absorb water
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| Which part of a plant absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil? | root hairs
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| An evolutionary adaption that increases exposure of a plant to light in a dense forest is.... | apical dominance
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| A person working with plants may remove apical dominance by... | pruning
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| Land plants are not composed of what tissue? | mesodermal tissues.
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| Vascular plant tissue includes all of the following cell types except | cambium cells
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| What functional plant cells lack a nucleus? | xylem and sieve-tube cells
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| Long, thin tapered cells with lignified cell walls that function in support and permit water to flow through pits | sclerenchyma
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| Living cells that lack nuclei and ribosomes: they transport sugars and other organic nutrients | sieve cells
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| The least specialized plant cells, which serve general metabolic, synthetic, and storage functions | Parenchyma
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| Cells with unevenly thickened primary walls hat support still-elongating parts of the plant | Collenchyma
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| Mature cells without protoplasts with thick, lignified secondary walls that may not function in transport | Sclerenchyma
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| Which of the following is not a characteristic of parenchyma cells? | Have secondary thickenings
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| Which of the following tissues is incorrectly matched with its characteristics? | collenchyma- uniformly thick-walled supportive tissues
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| The fiber cells of plants are a type of | sclerenchyma
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| The vascular bundle in the shape of a single central cylinder root is called | stele
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| One important difference between the anatomy of roots and the anatomy of leaves is that.. | a waxy cuticle covers leaves but is absent in roots
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| the photosynthetic cells in the interior of a leaf are what kind of cells: | parenchyma
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| A student examining leaf cross sections under a microscope finds many loosely packed cells with relatively thin cell walls. The cells have numerous chloroplasts. What types of cells are these? | Parenchyma
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| Which of the following is true about secondary growth in plants? | Secondary growth is produced by both the vascular cambium and the cork cambium
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| A friend has discovered a new plant and brings it to you to classify. h eplant has the following characteristics a taproot system with growth rings evident in cross section and a layer of bark around the outside. It is? | Woody eudicot
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| Shoot elongation in a growing bud is due primarily to.. | cell elongation localized in each internod
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| Axillary buds develop from | meristematic cells left by the apical meristem
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| Gas exchange, necessary for photosynthesis, can occur most easily in which leaf tissue? | spongy mesophyll
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| What is the correct sequence from the growing tips of the root upward? | root cap, apical meristem, zone of cell division, zone of elongation, and zone of maturation
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| Which of the following is incorrectly paired with its structure and function? | Pericycle- waterproof ring of cells surrounding the stele in roots
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| Which of the following root tissues gives rise to lateral roots? | Pericycle
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| Pores on the leaf surface that function in gas exchange are called: | stomata
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| Which of the following is a true statement about growth in plants | some plants secondary growth
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| Which of the following cell types are correctly matched with their functions except... | companion cell-formation of secondary xylem and phloem
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| What tissue makes up most of the wood of a tree? | secondary xylem
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| The vasclar system of a three-year-old eudicot stem consists of | 3 rings of the xylem and 1 rings of the phloem
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| Which of the following is true of bark? | It is composed of phloem plus periderm.
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| Suppose Geroge completely removed the bark from around the base of a cherry tree but was stopped by his father before cutting the tree down. Plant lived for several weeks but then died. What tissue was left? | xylem
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| Additional vascular tissue produced as secondary growth in a root originates from which cells? | vascular cambium
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| Before differentiation can begin during the process of plant cell and tissue culture, parenchyma cells from the source tissue must | undergo differentiation
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| In leaves, chloroplasts are found in | palisade mesophyll
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| ------- provides cells for secondary growth. | Vascular cambium
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| Secondary grrowth never occurs in | leaves
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| How is he supply of vascular cambium maintained? | Through the division of cells
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| Which structure is incorrectly paired with its tissue? | companion cell-ground tissue
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| Wood consists of | secondary xylem.
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| Which of the following is not part of an older tree's bark? | secondary xylem
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| Which of the following arises from meristematic activity | Secondary xyelm, leaves, trichomes, and tubers (all of the above)
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| ------ is to xylem as ---- is to phloem. | vessel element; sieve-tube member.
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| The driving force that pushes the root tip through the soil is due primarily to: | elongation of cells behind the root apical meristem.
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| ------ provides cells for primary growth | apical meristems
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