Microbiology- Test 2
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| Inorganic nutrients | contains a combination of atoms other than C & H Ex- metals, salts, water
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| Organic nutrients | contain C & H atoms, usually products of living things Ex- methane, carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
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| Heterotroph | obtain carbon in organic form made by other living organisms
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| Autotroph | organism that uses Co2, an inorganic gas as its carbon source, not nutritionally dependent on living things
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| Chemotroph | gain energy from chemical compounds, relates to carbon
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| Phototroph | gain energy through photosynthesis
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| Passive transport | does not require energy, higher concen to lower ex- Diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion
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| Active transport | requires energy & carrier proteins, gradient independent
Ex- Active transport, group translocation, bulk transport (endo/ exocytosis)
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| Facilitated diffusion | down a concentration gradient, specific for molecule, maximal rate per transport protein, faster if more proteins added
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| Uniport | move one molecule one direction
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| Antiport | when one molecule moves in, another moves out, specific to two molecules
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| Symport | moves two molecules either in or out at same time, specific to two molecules
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| Psychrophiles | cold, below 15 c, can survive at 0 c
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| Mesophiles | optimum 20-40 c, most human pathogens
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| Thermophiles | “hot” greater than 45 c
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| Obligate aerobe | cannot grow without oxygen, lacks enzyme
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| faculative/ aerotolerant aerobe | utilizes oxygen but can also grow in its absence
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| Microaerophilic | requires a small amount of oxygen
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| Capnophile | grows best at higher c02
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| Obligate acidophiles | grow at extreme acid pH
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| Alkalinophiles | grow at extreme alkaline pH
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| Halophiles | require a high concentration of salt
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| Osmotolerant | don’t require high concentration of solute but can tolerate it
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| Barophiles | can survive under extreme pressure
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| Symbiotic | organisms live in close nutritional relationships
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| Mutalism | obligatory, dependent, both benefit
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| Commensalism | one member benefits, other unharmed
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| Parasitism | one dependent and benefits, other harmed
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| Nonsymbiotic | organisms are free living, not required for survival
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| Synergism | members cooperate and share nutrients
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| Antagonism | some member are inhibited or destroyed by others
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| Rate population growth | time required for complete fission cycle → generation
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| Methods of analyzing population growth | Turbidometry, Viable colony count- single cells grow into colonies, count colonies, Direct cell count, count all cells present
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
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You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
brit24
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