Epinephrine

Help

Question

Answer

GENERIC NAME

Epinephrine

BRAND NAME

Adrenalin

CLASS

Sympathomimetic

MECHANISM OF ACTION

Direct acting alpha and beta-agonist. Alpha; Vasoconstriction. Beta-1; Positive inotropic, chronotropic, and dromtropic effects. Beta-2 bronchial smooth muscle relaxation and dilation of skeletal vasculature.

INDICATIONS

Cardiac arrest. symptomatic Bradycardia as an alternative infusion to dopamine, sever hypotension secondary to Bradycardia when atropine and transcutaneous pacing are unsuccessful. allergic reactions, anaphylaxis, asthma.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

Hypertension, hypothermia, pulmonary edema, myocardial ischemia, Hypovolemic shock.

ADVERSE REACTIONS

Hypertension, tachycardia, arrhythmias, pulmonary edema, anxiety, restlessness, psychomotor agitation, nausea, headache, angina.

NOTES ON ADMINISTRATION

Pregnancy safety; Category C. May cause syncope in asthmatic children. May increase myocardial oxygen demand.

INCOMPATABILITIES/DRUG INTERACTIONS

Potentiates other sympathomimetics, deactivated by alkaline solutions (i.e. sodium bicarbonate) monamine oxidase inhibitors may potentiate effects, beta blockers may blunt effects.

DOSE/ROUTE, Adult, Mild allergic reactions and asthma

0.3-0.5 mg of 1;1000 SC.

Dose/Route, Ault Cardiac arrest

IV/IO dose 1 mg of 1;10,000 every 3-5 minutes during resuscitation. Follow each dose with 20 mL flush and elevate arm for 10-20 secs.

Dose/Route.Pediatric Mild allergic reactions and asthma

0.01 mg/kg of 1;1,000 solution SC.

Dose/Route Pediatric Cardiac arrest

IV/IO dose 0.01 mg/kg of 1;10,000 solution every 3-5 minutes during arrest.

ONSET OF ACTION

Immediate.

PEAK EFFECTS

Minutes.