Duke PA Thyroid
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| the thyroid has a __ day reserve supply of thyroxine | 50
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| the thyroid synthesizes __ mcg of thyroxine per day | 100
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| thyroid hormone synthesis requires a minimum of __mcg of elemental iodine/day | 60
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| recommended daily intake of elemental iodine __mcg | 150
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| in the thyroid thyroglobulin is stored in __ | folicles
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| severe illness or starvation decreases | total T3, and free T3
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| __ is increased by estrogen, decreased by androgen | TBG
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| imaging modality used to monitor thyroid cancers | PET scan
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| What can a thyroid do | overact, under-perform, enlarge
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| weight loss, heat intolerance, palpitations/tachycardia | hyperthyroid history
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| weight gain, fatigue, lethargy, cold intolerance | hypothyroid history
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| rapid pulse, onycholysis, exopthalmos, thyroid enlargement, bruit, tachycardia, brisk DTR relaxation phase | hyperthyroid examination
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| bradycardia, dry skin and hair, periorbital edema, delayed DTR relaxation phase | hypothyroid examination
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| exopthalmos is seen only in __ | Graves Disease
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| Etiology: Auto-antibody reacting with the TSH receptor.Symmetric non-tender goiter (80%) (bruit is pathognomonic), Ocular findings (30%), Pretibial myxedemaexam: | Graves Disease
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| medical treatment for Graves Disease | PTU, Methimazole, Beta-blocker (propranolol, or atenolol)
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| no increased cancer risk after 50 years of __ use | radioactive iodine
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| favorable prognosticators for remission | small goiter, free T3 predominance, negative TSI titer, decrease in goiter size with thionomide therapy
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| toxic nodule can lead to what type of fingernail pathology | onycholysis
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| when the finger nail peels away from the nail bed in the absence of trauma | onycholysis
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| Thyroid hormone leakage from destruction of the thyroid gland secondary to a viral infection (? Mumps), pain in the thyroid, fever, enlarged, very tender thyroid gland | subacute thyroiditis
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| Transient autoimmune dysfunction, sudden onset of hyperthyroidism, can be seen post-partum, enlarged, nodular thyroid | silent thyroiditis
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| Pre-existing untreated or inadequately treated thyrotoxicosis, Precipitating event: infection, trauma,fever, profuse sweating, tachycardia, tremulousness/restlessness, delirium/psychosis, N/V, later stupor, coma, hypotension | Thyrotoxic Crisis (Thyroid Storm)
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| Insufficient amount of thyroid hormone, elevated TSH, hypometabolic, increased cholesterol | hypothyroidism
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| __ hypothyroidism, loss of functioning thyroid tissue | primary
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| __ hypothyroidism- impairment of hormone biosynthesis with compensatory thyroid enlargement, lithium therapy, iodine deficiency or excess | goitrous
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| __ hypothyroidism- lack of TSH, pituitary or hypothalamic failure | central
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| thyroxine therapy dose is constant except with __, at which time the dose is increased by at least 50% | pregnancy
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| thyroxine therapy dose is constant except with __, at which time the dose is decreased by 20-30% | age greater than 65
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| thyroxine therapy dose is constant except with __ | menopause
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| side effects of thyroxine therapy | osteoporosis, increased cardiac contractility, increased risk of atrial fibrillation, allergic reaction to dy in tablets
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| general term for enlargement of the thyroid gland | goiter
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| diffuse or nodular enlargement of the thyroid gland that does not result from an inflammatory or neoplastic process and is not associated with abnormal thyroid function | nontoxic goiter
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| -- thyroid enlargement that occurs in more than 10% of a population | endemic goiter
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| result of environmental or genetic factors that do not affect the general population | sporadic goiter
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| __% of the world’s population lives in a region that has iodine deficiency (primarily in Asia, Latin American, central Africa, and regions of Europe) | 29
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| treatment for thyroid carcinoma | thyroidectomy by experienced surgeon
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