Medical Terminology Chapter 13 -EAR
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| pinna | auricle (little ear); projected part of the external ear
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| external auditory meatus | external passage for sounds collected from the pinna to the typmpanum
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| cerumen | waxy substance secreted by glands located throughout the external canal
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| tympanic membrane (TM) | eardrum
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| malleus | hammer; first of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear
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| incus | anvil; middle of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear
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| stapes | stirrup; last of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear
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| eustachian tube (throat), auditory tube | tube connecting the middle ear to the pharynx
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| mastoid process | projection of the temporal bone located behind the ear containing air cells that connect to the middle ear (masto=breast)
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| oval window | membrane that covers the opening between the middle ear and inner ear
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| inner ear | structures and liquids that relay sound waves to the auditory nerve fibers on a path to the brain for interpretation of sound
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| labyrinth | maze; inner ear consisting of bony and membranous labyrinths
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| cochlea | coiled tubular structure of the inner ear that contains the organ of Corti (cochlea=snail)
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| perilymph | fluid that fills the bony labyrinth of the ear
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| endolymph | fluid within the cochlear duct of the inner ear (labyrinth)
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| organ of Corti | organ located in the cochlea that contains receptors (hair cells) that receive vibrations and generate nerve impulses for hearing
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| vestibule | middle part of the inner ear in front of the semicircular canals and behind the cochlea that contains the utricle and saccule
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| utricle | larger of two sacs within the membraneous labyrinth of the vestibule in the inner ear
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| saccule | smaller of two sacs within the membranous labryinth of the vestibule in the inner ear
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| semicircular canals | three canals within the inner ear that contain specialized receptor cells that generate nerve impulses with body movement
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| otalgia, otodynia | earache
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| otorrhagia | bleeding from the ear
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| otorrhea | purulent drainage from the ear
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| tinnitus | a jingling, ringing, or buzzing in the ear
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| vertigo | a turning round; dizziness
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| acous/o, audi/o | hearing
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| aero/o | air or gas
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| aur/i, ot/o | ear
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| cerumin/o | wax
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| salping/o | eustachian tube or uterine tube
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| tympan/o, myring/o | eardrum
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| -acusis | hearing condition
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| otitis externa | inflammation of the external auditory meatus
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| cerumen impaction | excessive buildup of was in the ear
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| myringitis, tympanitis | inflammation of the eardrum
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| otitis media | inflammation of the middle ear
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| aerotitis media | inflammation of the middle ear for changes in atmospheric pressure
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| otosclerosis | hardening of the bony tissue in the ear
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| mastoiditis | inflammation of the mastoid process
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| eustachian obstruction | blockage of the mastoid process
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| acoustic neuroma | benign tumor on the auditory nerve
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| aplasia | condition of absence or malformation of inner ear structures
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| labyrinthitis | inflammation of the labyrinth
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| Meniere disease | disorder of the inner ear due to an excessive buildup of endolymphatic fluid
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| deafness | general term for partial or complete hearing loss
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| conductive hearing loss | hearing impairment caused by interference with sound
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| sensorineural hearing loss | hearing impairment by lesions or dysfunction
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| mixed hearing loss | combination of sensorineural and conductive hearing loss
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| presbyacusis, presbycusis | hearing impairment in old age
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| audiometry | processs of measuring hearing
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| audiometer | instrument to measure hearing
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| audiogram | record of hearing measurement
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| audiologist | person who specializes in the study of hearing impairments
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| auditory acuity testing | physical assessment of hearing
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| tuning ford | 2 pronged fork like instrument that vibrates when struck
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| brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) | electrodiagnostic testing using computerized equipment to measure involuntary responses to sound within the auditory nervous system
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| pneumatic otoscopy | otoscopic observation of the tympanic membrane as air is released into the external auditory meatus (canal)
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| tympanometry | measurement of the compliance and mobility of the tympanic membrane and ossicles of the middle ear by monitoring the resonse after exposeure to external airflow pressures
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| microsurgery | surgery with the use of a microscope
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| myringotomy, tympanostomy | incision into the eardrum, most often for insertion of a small metal or plastic tube, to keep the meatus open, avoiding fluid build up as that which occurs as a result of otits media
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| otoplasty | surgical repair of the outer ear
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| stapedectomy | excision of the stapes to correct otosclerosis
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| tympanoplasty | vein graft of a scarred tympanic membrane to improve sound conduction
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| auditory prothesis | any internal or external devise that improves or substitutes for natural hearing
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| hearing aid | external amplifying device designed to improve hearing
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| cochlear implant | electronic device implanted in the cochlea that provides sound perception to patients with severe or profound hearing loss in both ears
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| ear lavage | irrigation of the external ear canal, commonly done to remove excessive buildup of cerumen
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| ear instillation | introduction of a medicated solution into the external canal
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| antibiotic | drug that inhibits the growth or destroys microorgranisms
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| antihistamine | drug that blocks the effects of histamine
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| histamine | regulating body substance released in excess during allergic reactions
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| anti-inflammatory | drug that reduces inflammation
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| decongestant | drug that reduces congestion and swelling of membranes
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