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World History Vocab

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Term
Definition
Geocentric Theory   The Earth is the center of the Universe  
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Heliocentric Theory   The idea that the earth and the other planets revolve around the sun.  
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Ptolemy   His ideas on science influenced Muslim and European scholars from Roman times until the Scientific Revolution. He was a Greece-Roman writer famous as a mathematician, astronomer, geographer, astrologer, and poet.  
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Kepler   This astronomer stated that the orbits of planets around the sun were elliptical, the planets do not orbit at a constant speed, and that an orbit is related to its distance from the sun.  
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Copernicus   Devised a model of the universe with the Sun at the center, and not earth.  
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Scientific Revolution   A major change in European thought, starting in the mid-1500s, in which the study of the natural world began to be characterized by careful observation and the questioning of accepted beliefs.  
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Aristotle   A Greek Philosopher, taught Alexander the Great, started a famous school, studied with Plato.  
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Galileo   He was the first person to use a telescope to observe objects in space. He discovered that planets and moons are physical bodies because of his studies of the night skies.  
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Newton   A unit of measure that equals the force required to accelerate 1 kilogram of mass at 1 meter per second per second.  
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Law of Universal Gravitation   The scientific law that states that every object in the universe attracts every other object.  
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Vesalius   This was the scientist who began to study anatomy in depth. He is referred as the father of anatomy.  
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Fahrenheit   A temperature scale with the freezing point of water 32 degrees and the boiling point of 212 degrees  
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Bacon   This scientist spread the word about the experimental method and formalized the empirical method and combined his thinking with Descartes to form the scientific method.  
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Descartes   (1596-1650) French philosopher, discovered analytical geometry. Saw Algebra and Geometry have a direct relationship. Reduced everything to spiritual or physical.  
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Scientific Method   A series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions.  
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Jansen   Ideas of 17th century French Catholics who favored Calvinist interpretation of Christianity just the same.  
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