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| Bacteriophage | The kind of virus that infects bacteria
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| Nucleotides | DNA is made out of nucleotides which is a unit composed of bases, 2 groups, A=T, C=G
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| Chromatin | Protein and DNA tightly packed together
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| Histones | DNA tightly coiled around proteins
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| DNA polymerase | The principal enzyme nvolved in DNA replication
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| Nucleosome | Term for when DNA is wrapped around eight proteins or a histone for coils to coil on themselves and become super coils
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| Genes | Coded DNA instructions that control the production of proteins within a cell
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| mRNA | RNA molecules are produced by copying part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA into a complementary sequence in RNA
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| rRNA | Ribosomes made up of dozens of proteins as well as this form of RNA
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| tRNA | RNA molecules that transfer each amino acid to the ribosome as it is specified by coded messages in mRNA
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| Transcription | A process where RNA molecules are produced by copying parts of the nucleotide sequence of DNA into a complementary sequence in RNA
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| Codon | Consists of three consecutive nucleotides that specify a single amino acid that is to be added to the polypeptide chain.
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| Translation | The decoding of an mRNA message into a polypeptide chain.
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| Central Dogma | DNA>RNA>PROTEINS
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| Polyploidy | The condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes
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| PCR Stands for.. | Polymerase chain reaction; Allows biologists to make a copy of a particular gene.
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| Recombinant DNA | They are produced by combining DNA from different sources
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| Plasmid | The foreign DNA joined to a small circular DNA molecule
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| Transgenic | Organisms that contain genes from other cells
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Created by:
Arielle Gelb
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