WVSOM -- Renal Phys -- measuring clearance and transport
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| What is clearance? | volume of plasma cleared of a substance per unit time
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| What is the equation for clearance? | Ux/Px X V
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| What do you know if you know GFR and clearance? | any difference between GFR and clearance of X tells you something about net secretion or reabsorption
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| What is the units of clearance? | ml/min
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| If urine Na is 810 mEq/L, plasma Na is 138 mEq/L and urin flow is 1 ml/min what is the clearance of Na? | (810/138) x 1 = 5.87 ml/min
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| If substance X is filtered and completely reabsorbed what is the clearance of X? | ZERO
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| What makes inulin a good indicator for GFR? | it is freely filtered by the glomerulus and it is not reabsorbed or secreted.
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| Why are calcium, phosphate and magnesium not freely filtered? | they are bound to protein
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| What is freely filtered mean/ | concentration of X in bowman’s capsule is the same as that in blood plasma
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| Why is creatine used to estimate GFR? | has properties like inulin and is exported to the blood continuously by skeletal muscle. It is freely filtered and not reabsorbed with only a small amount secreted so the clearance is only slightly higher than GFR
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| Creatinine clearance is mostly _________________ of urine flow. | independant
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| When will the clearance of creatine be off? | if the patient has a non-steady state as in hyperthermia or other muscle wasting conditions or damage.
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| What is normal plasma value of creatinine? | 1mg/dl
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| What kind of relationship between plasma creatinine and GFR? | inverse
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| If GFR dramatically decreases, plasma creatinine will? | increase
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| What is BUN? | Blood Urea Nitrogen
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| What does renal urea reabsorption depend on? | urine flow. Low flow, more urea reabsorbed
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| In renal disease, low GFR leads to…. | low urine flow, increase in urea retention nd increased BUN
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| What happens with volume depletion? | urine flow BIG decline, urea excretion drops even out of proportion to the fall in GFR, High BUN, BUN/Creatinine ratio increases
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| Why does BUN/Creatinine ratio increase with volume depletion? | urea excretion is flow dependant but creatinine is not
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| What confirms dehydration? | BUN
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| Filtered load = | GFR x Px
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| Excretion rate = | Ux X V
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| Amount excreted = | amount filtered – amount reabsorbed + amount secreted
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| Filtration Fraction = | GFR/RPF
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| Increased FF means what in regards to bowman’s capsule? | more fluid into bowman’s capsule
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| Reabsorption rate = | filtered load – excretion rate
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| Secretion rate = | excretion rate – filtered load
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| Clearance = | Ux/Px X V
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| GFR in regards to inulin clearance. | equal to each other
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| Clearance of PAH is what compared to GFR? | greater
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| GFR = | Kf X NFP
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| NFP = | Pgc - ∏gc – Pbc + ∏bc
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