Learning
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| classical conditioning | learning to make an involuntary response (reflex) to a stimulus other than the original, natural stimulus that normally produces the reflex
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| unconditioned stimulus (UCS) | a naturally occurring stimulus that leads to an involuntary (reflex) response
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| unconditioned response (UCR) | an involuntary (reflex) response to a naturally occurring or unconditioned stimulus.
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| neutral stimulus (NS) | stimulus that has no effect on the desired response
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| conditioned stimulus (CS) | stimulus that becomes able to produce a learned reflex response by being paired with the original unconditioned stimulus
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| conditioned response (CR) | learned reflex response to a conditioned stimulus.
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| stimulus generalization | the tendency to respond to a stimulus that is only similar to the original conditioned stimulus with the conditioned response
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| stimulus discrimination | the tendency to stop making a generalized response to a stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus because the similar stimulus is never paired with the unconditioned stimulus
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| extinction | the disappearance of weakening of a learned response following the removal of absence of the unconditioned stimulus (in classical conditioning) or the removal of a reinforcer (in operant conditioning)
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| reinforcer | any event or object that, when following a response, increases the likelihood of that response occurring again
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| spontaneous recovery | the reappearance of a learned response after extinction has occurred
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| higher-order conditioning | occurs when a strong conditioned stimulus is paired with a neutral stimulus, causing the neutral stimulus to become a second conditioned stimulus.
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| conditioned emotional response (CER) | emotional response that has become classically conditioned to occur to learned stimuli such as a fear of dogs or the emotional reaction that occurs when seeing an attractive person.
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| vicarious conditioning | classical conditioning of a reflex response of emotion by watching the reaction of another person
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| conditioned taste aversion | development of a nausea or aversive response to a particular taste because that taste was followed by a nausea reaction, occurring after only one association.
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| stimulus generalization | the tendency to response to a stimulus that is only similar to the original conditioned stimulus with the conditioned response
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| stimulus discrimination | the tendency to stop making a generalized response to a stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus because the similar stimulus is never paired with the unconditioned stimulus
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Created by:
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