Respiratory Chapter Review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| what are some symptoms of pneumonia? | sudden onset of symptoms: fever, chills, chest pain, cough,purulent sputum, sore throat, lymphadenopathy
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| What is pneumonia? | inflammation of the lungs caused by many pathogenic organisms: virus, bacteria, fungus, etc
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| what is tb? | inflammatory infiltrations, formation of tubercles, abcesses, fibrosis, calcification. Can lead to other infections of other body systems
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| T or F: a PPD test will be positive for the rest of a patient's life with tb... | True
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| a patient with tb needs a xray every ___ years | 5
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| what test is done for tb? | Mantoux
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| T or F: tb spores have a short lifespan | False- they can live for an extended period of time
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| Is it considered active or latent when a patient had tb, and it has reactivated/is secondary? | Active
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| what is latent tb considered? | dormant
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| what dual antibiotic is given to active tb patients? | INH/Rifampin
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| what is asthma? | inflammation and spasm of smooth muscles of bronchi
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| what are some signs of asthma? | dyspnea and wheezing
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| what is given to asthma patients? | rescue inhalers, anti-inflammatory meds and nebulizer treatments
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| what are some symptoms of sinus infections | inflamed sinuses, edema, pressure, rhinorrhea, sinus headaches
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| what are given to patients with sinus infections? | decongestants, antibiotics, analgesics
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| what is sleep apnea? | relaxation of pharynx muscles during sleep, causes trachea to narrow or close, causing momentary stopping of breathing
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| what are some risk factors for causing sleep apnea? | being overweight, having enlarged tonsils, males, alcohol, sedative use
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| what is asbestosis? | a form of pneumoconioses. and occupational side effect from insulation, manufacturing, and shipbuilding careers.
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| what are some symptoms of asbestosis? | dyspnea, cough, emphasema like symptoms
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| how many more times are you likely to get cancer from asbestosis linked professions? | 5x
-atelecastis/hemoptysis
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| what causes laryngeal cancer? | smoking/alcohol
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| what is pleurisy? | inflammation of pleurae, caused by a bacterial or virus
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| what are some symptoms of pleurisy? | pain, fever, cough, chills, dyspnea
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| At what percentage of o2 saturation is considered hypoxia? | 91-92%
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| what is clubbing a sign of? | hypoxia
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| what is the pharnyx? | throat, contains tonsils, muscle lined with mucous membranes
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| what is the larynx? | the organ of voice, contains the "adams apple"
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| what is the trachea? | cylindric tube, c shaped cartilage, conveys air to the lungs
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| before a spirometry test is performed, what must the patient not do? | smoke or take meds for 4-6 hrs before
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| what does ERV stand for, and what does it measure? | expiratory reserve volume, measures the max air exhaled
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| what does FVC stand for and what does it measure? | forced vital capacity, measures volume of air forcibly exhaled
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| what does FEV stand for and what does it measure? | forced expiratory volume. measures volume of air expelled in 1 sec
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| what does FEF stand for and what does it measure? | forced expiratory flow-measures speed of air, taken from the middle of the flow
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| what does MEF stand for and what does it measure? | mean expiratory flow, measures in liters per second of peak of flow
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| what does VT stand for and what does it measure? | tidal volume, measures volume of air
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| what does TLC stand for and what does it measure? | total lung capacity, measures the max volume of air (6l for normal adult)
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| what does RV stand for and what does it measure? | residual volume, measures the air left after exhaling. Measured in liters/second/minute
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| what are the results of a PFT in a patient with emphysema? | increased residual volume, decreased forced expiration
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| what is a tracheostomy? | incision into the trachea, tube is inserted
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| what is a thoracotomy? | opening into thoractic cavity
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| what is a thoracostomy? | opening made for drainage in thoractic cavity
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