data based on UW, Kaplan Q bank, book etc
Help!
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| Gastroparesis in DM symptoms | post-prandial fullness, hypoglycemia, sweating, dizziness, constipation
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| Gastroparesin in DM RX | metoclopramide, erythromycin
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| Drugs that lead to hypercalcemia | thiazides, lithium
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| Calcium greater than 12 or symptoms | NSS IV 3-6 l in 24 h, furosemide if necessary
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| Hungry bones syndrome | hypocalcemia post op removal of parathyroid adenoma
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| Sarcoidosis | increase in vit D levels
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| Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia | low 24 h urine calcium
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| Chronic thyroiditis (Hashimoto) | antimicrosomal antibodies
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| Drugs that lead to hypothyroidism | lithium, ASA
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| Large nodule (cold) in multinodular goiter (hot) | FNA; if follicular elements
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| Psammoma bodies | papillary carcinoma of thyroid
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| Thyroid cancer types | papillary, follicular (hematogenic spread), anaplastic, medullary (MEN); painful, low uptake, increased ESR
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| Graves disease Rx | bring the patient to euthyroid stae, then: radioactive iodine, steroids for ophtalmopathy
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| Plummer disease | long-standing multinodular goiters that become thyrotoxic later
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| Thyroiditis | low 24 h radioactive iodine uptake
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| Graves disease Dx | increased thyroid, "hot", proptosis, positive TSH Ig
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| Nitroblue tetrazolium test | chronic granulomatous disease; tets phagocyte fuction, oxidative burst
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| Cellular deficiency disease | fatal infections after receiving live viral vaccines (MMR, varicella)
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| Ab deficiency disease | encapsulated organisms, sino
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| Phagocytic deficiency disease | recurrent abcesses, lymphadenitis, periodontal infections, Gram negatives, catalase positives, e.g. CGD, Chédiak-Higashi
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| 20. Complement deficiency dis | C2-C4: autoimmune dis; terminal: Neisseria; C3: encapsulated, unusual strains
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| Severe combined immunodeficiency | first year of life, decrease in T and B cells
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| Ig A deficiency | MC primary immune deficiency, major anaphylatic reaction to blood products
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| X-linked hypogammaglobulinemia Rx | IV Ig; defect in tyrosine kinase
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| X-linked lymphoproliferative disease | catastrophic after EBV infection
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| Chronic granulomatous disease | decreased intracelular and fungal killing; S. aureus, Aspergillus; Rx: prophylatic antibiotics (TMP/SMX, doxycycline), interferon gamma; vaccinate: Haemophilus, Pneumoccocus, Neisseria, viral vaccines
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| T-cell deficiency Rx | bone marrow transplant
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| Transfusion in cellular deficient patient | irradiated, leukodepleted, virus free product
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| C3 deficiency | increased number of pyogenic infections
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| Properidin and C5 deficiency | increased Neisseria infections
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| C1 inhibitor deficiency | hereditary angioedema
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| Decay accelerating factor deficiency | paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
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| Clomiphene citrate use | ovulation induction (for patients with good estrogen production, such as in OPCD)
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| Pregnancy | increase in alkaline phosphatase does not indicate disease necessarily, may be normal finding
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| Primary hypothyroidism | may lead to increase in pituitary, amenorrhea, galactorrhea
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| Meconium ileus suspicion | barium enema
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| Cystic fibrosis tests | sweat test, nasal potential testing
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| Hepatitis B mother | breastfeed is OK!
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| Graves in pregnancy Rx | propylthiouracil
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| Cocaine use in pregnancy | placental abruption
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| Clue cells | bacterial vaginosis; Rx
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| Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy | third trimester
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| RF for ectopic pregnancy | age, PID, salpingitis, more than 3 pregnancies
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| Testicular feminization | dysfunction or absence of testosterone receptors; patient is XY, normal breast development, scant pubic and axilar hair, blind vagina, undescendent testicles, may be felt on the groin.
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| fever greater than 38 C in less than 4 m.o. | admission, IV antibiotics, full evaluation, multiple cultures
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| Pyloric stenosis | non-bilious emesis, midepigastric olive: Dx
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| MCC of jaundice in pregnancy | viral hepatitis
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