Test 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| inductive reasoning | specific observations to predict specific results
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| deductive reasoning | general principles predict specific results
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| dalton | atomic mass unit or amu, atomic theory
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| cation | positive ion
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| anion | negative ion
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| hydrogen bonds | forms when a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one electronegative atom
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| van de Waals interactions | weak and occur only when atoms and molecues are very close together
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| cohesion | hydrogens hold the substance together
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| adhesion | clinging of one substance to another
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| colloid | a stable suspension of fine particles in a liquid
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| isomers | compounds that have the same number of atoms of the same elements but different structures and hence different properties
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| structural isomers | differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms
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| geometric isomers | have the same covalent partnerships, but they differ in their spatial arrangements
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| cis isomer | two Xs on the same side
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| trans isomer | two Xs on opposite sides
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| enantiomers | isomers that are mirror images of each other
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| hydroxyl group | -OH;is polar and can form bonds with water molecules
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| hydroxyl group | alchols;ex ethanol
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| carbonyl group | >CO;found in sugars
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| ketones | carbonyl group within a carbon skeletonex aceton
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| aldehydes | carbonyl group at the end of the carbon skeletonex propanal
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| carboxyl group | -COOH;has acidic properties and found in cells in ionized form
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| carboxylic acids | organic acids
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| acetic acid | gives vinegar its sour taste
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| amino group | -NH2;acts as a baseex glycine
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| amines | amino group compound
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| sulfhydryl group | -SH, forms cross-linking bondsex cysetine
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| thiols | sulfhydryl group
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| phosphate group | -OPO3,2-;has potential to react with water;ex glycerol
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| methyl | -CH3;addition affects expression of genes
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| carbohydrates | serves as fuel and building material
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| monosaccharides | glucose, fructose
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| disaccharides | lactose, sucrose
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| polysaccharides | cellulose, starch, glycogen, and chitin
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| monosaccharidesand disaccharides | fuel; can be combined to polymers
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| polysaccharides | strengthens cell walls;stores glucose for energy; strengthens exoskeletons and fungal cell walls
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| lipids | diverse group of hydrophobic molecules
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| triacylglycerols | glycerol + 3 fatty acids
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| triacylglycerols | important energy source
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| phospholipids | phosphate group + 2 fatty acids
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| phospholipids | lipid bilayers of membranes
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| steroids | four fused rings with attached chemical groups
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| steroids | component of cell membranes; signaling molecules that travel through the body
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| proteins | have many structures, resulting in a wide range of functions
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| proteins | enzymes;structural;storage;transport
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| nucleic acids | store and transmit genetic information
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| ester | Formed by combining an acid and alcohol
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| alpha glucose | starch
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| beta glucose | cellulose
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| primary structure | refering to the specific sequence of amino acids
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| How does the primary structure arise? | the making of peptide bonds between amino acids through condensation
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| Secondary structure | arises from hydrogen bonds that form as the polypeptide BACKBONE folds or coils
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| Tertiary structure | Superimposed on Secondary, arises from the interactions of side groupsof amino acids along polypeptide
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| Quaternary structure | Arises from the assembly of multiple polypeptide subunits
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Created by:
NightKhaki
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