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Stack #195953

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Question
Answer
what are the largest vertebrae in the body   lumbar vertebrae  
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the lumbar vertebra are the largest in the body,why?   b/c holds most of the body weight  
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what is the largest vertebrae   L5 has the largest body  
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how can the intervertebra foramina be visualized   at 90 degree from the msp  
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what are the intervertebrae foramina   these are the spaces b/w the two pedicles when two vertebrae are stacked on top of each other.  
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how are the openings of the intervertebra formina formed   the openings are formed by the superior vertebrae notch of one vertebrae & the inferior vertebrae notch of another vertebrae.  
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how is the intervertebral foramina best demonstrated   90 degree lateral  
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how are the zygapophyseal joints formed   by two IAP processes & two SAP processes  
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how does the zygopophyseal joints lie on the lumbar spine   they lie 30 to 50 degrees from msp on the lumbar spine  
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how does the zyagophyseal joints lie on the upper lumbar spine   the upper lumbar spine lie more at a 50 degree angle  
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how does the zyagophyseal joints lie on the lower lumbar spine   they lie more at 30 degree  
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for radiography what angle best demonstrates the zygapophyseal joints   45 angle will best demonstrate the zyapophyseal joints  
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what is the pars interarticularis   the portion of the lamina b/w the superior & inferior articulating processes.  
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on the sacrum,how many sacral foramina are there   there are 4 sets of sacral foramina  
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where is the alae or wing of the sacrum located at   lateral to the first sacral segment  
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the two superior articular process of the sacrum articulate with the inferior articular process of the 5th lumbar vertebrae to form   zyagopophyseal joints  
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what is the promontory   the anterior ridge of the first sacral segment  
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where is the sacral canal located at   posterior to the body of the first sacral segment,which is continuation of the spinal canal  
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how is the median sacral crest is formed   formed by the fusion of the spinous processes  
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how does the sacrum articulates with the ilium   at the auricular surface  
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what does the sacral horns represent   the inferior articular processes from the 5th sacral segment.  
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the sacral horns articulate with   these will articulate with the cornau of the coccyx  
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each SI joint opens obliquely   posteriorly at an angle of 30 degree  
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on the coccyx where is the base   it sits superior while the apex is inferior  
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the base of the coccyx has what   two transverse processes projecting laterally  
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to be sure your oblique is at-- a scotty dog must be visualized   45 degree  
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on the scotty dog the neck ear eye nose front leg   neck-pars intericularis ear-superior articular process eye-pedicle nose-transverse process front leg-inferior articular process  
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concering the scotty dog how is the zyagophyseal joints formed   formed by the front leg of the superior scotty dog & the ear of the inferior scotty dog  
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the way that the scotty dog faces is what side   the downside  
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how are the intervertebral foramina visualized   on a 90 degree lateral  
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how are the zygapoophyseal joints visualized on a oblique radiograph   anterior oblique shows the upside joints posterior oblique shows the downside  
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what should you use for a general lumbar radiograph   45 degrees  
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what is best to visualized L1-L2   50 degrees  
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what is best to visualized L5-LS1   30 degrees  
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what is the reason for the different obliques for the zygapophyseal joints   L1 is closer to the thoracic vertebrae,which require 70-70 obliquely to visualize the zygapophyseal joints  
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symphysis pubis is at what level   is at the level of mid coccyx  
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greater trochanter is at what level   about 1" superior to the symphysis publis  
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ASIS is at what level   the same level as the 1st or 2nd sacral segment  
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iliac crest is at what level   L4-L5  
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lower costal margin is at what level   L2-L3  
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what should you flex the knees on a AP projection of the lumbar spine   this brings spine closer to the IR and lumbar column more parallel to the table top  
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what is the advantage of a PA   lower dose to female ovaries and places the intervertebrae disk spaces more parallel with the divergence of the beam  
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what is the disadvangtage of a PA   large OID of the vertebrae  
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