Populations
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| three important characteristics of a population are its __________ distribution, ________, and ____ rate | geographic, density, growth
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| number of individuals per unit area | population density
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| name the three factors that can affect a population size | number of births, number of deaths, number of individuals that enter or leave the population
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| movement of individuals into an area | immigration
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| movement of individuals out of a population | emigration
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| occurs when individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate | exponential growth
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| under ideal conditions with unlimited resources, a population will grow _________ | exponentially
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| true/false as resources become less available, the growth of a population slows or stops | true
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| occurs when a populations growth slows or stops following a period of exponential growth | logistic growth
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| largest number of organisms an environment can hold | carrying capacity
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| a factor that causes population growth to decrease | limiting factor
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| a limiting factor that depends on population size | density-dependent limiting factor
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| density-dependent limiting factors include _______, ________,and _______ | competition, predation, and disease
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| the best known mechanisms of population control | predator-prey relationship
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| affect all populations in similar ways, regardless of population size | density independent factors
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| WHEN PREDATORS BECOME CROWDED, ORGANISMS COMPETE FOR THE ESSENTIALS OF LIFE | competition
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| unusual weather, natural disasters, seasonal cycles, and certain human activities are all examples of density _________ factors | independent
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| true/false as a general rule, density dependent are abiotic and density independent factors are biotic | false
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| like the populations of many other living organisms, the size of the human population tends to( increase/decrease )with time | increase
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| the scientific study of human populations | demography
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| true/false birthrates, deathrates, and the age structure of population help predict why some countries have high growth rates while other countries grow more slowly | true
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| a dramatic change in birth rates and death rates | demographic transition
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| graph the numbers of people in different age groups in the population | age-structure diagrams
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