WVSOM -- Respiratory Physiology Introduction
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| How much dry air is oxygen? | 20.93%
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| How much dry air is Carbon Dioxide? | .03%
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| How much water is in dry air? | 0
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| How much nitrogen is in dry air? | 79%
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| What is the site of internal respiration? | mitochondrion
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| What is the site of external respiration? | Lung, pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation
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| What are the 3 separate processes of external respiration? | Ventilation, diffusion and perfusion
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| How does gas diffusion at blood-gas and blood-cell interfaces occur? | down partial pressure gradients
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| What is Fick’s Law? | rate of gas diffusion across a barrier is proportional to partial pressure difference
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| What is ventilation? | process by which air is moved in and out of the lung
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| What is perfusion? | process by which oxygen is moved from the lung to the area of respiration
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| Where does gas move by diffusion? | blood-gas and blood-cell interfaces
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| What is blood-gas interface? | in the lung with the pulmonary interface
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| What is the blood-cell interface? | arterial blood gets to the capillaries and gets to the cells
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| What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the lungs? | 100
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| What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the arteries? | 96
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| What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the cell? | 20
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| What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the veins? | 40
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| What is atmospheric partial pressure of oxygen? | 159
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| What is the partial pressure gradient at the blood-gas interface? | 100-40=60
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| What is the partial pressure at the blood-cell interface? | 96-20=76
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| What is the partial pressure of CO2 in the lungs? | 40
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| What is the partial pressure of CO2 in the veins? | 46
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| What is the partial pressure of CO2 in the arteries? | 40
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| What is the gradiant of CO2 at the blood-gas interface? | 46-40=6
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| What is partial pressure of CO2 in the atmosphere? | 0
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| What maintains the large gradiants for gas transfer? | diffusion + bulk flow which enables a faster rate of gas transfer
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| What is Dalton’s Law? | total gas pressure is equal to the sum of partial pressures
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| What is a partial pressure? | It is the pressure a gas would exert if it occupied the total volume of the mixture that it is in
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| What is the equation for the PO2? | barometric pressure X fractional concentration of O
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| What is the partial pressure of oxygen at atmospheric pressure? | =760 X .2093 = 159mmHg
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| How do you calculate the partial pressure of inspired air? | you must subtrace the water vapor pressure which is 47mmHg at 37 degrees Celcius
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| What is the pressure of water at 37 degrees celcius? | 47mmHg
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| How can you have a partial pressure in blood? | the partial pressure of a gas in solution is its partial pressure in a gas mixture that is in equilibrium with the solution. Partial pressures will equilibrate.
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| Why is the lung good for ventilation? | It has a thin barrier with a large surface area
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| What is the size of the blood-gas barrier? | <1 μm
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| What are the layers that gas has to go thru to get to RBC? | surfactant, alveolar epithelium, interstitium, capillary endothelium
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| Why are alveoli good for gas exchange? | they increase the surface area dramatically and receive an extensive blood flow.
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| What happens to surface area do as you go farther down the airway? | it gets a lot larger with the airways and then the alveoli
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Created by:
tjamrose