Behavioral Sci& EBM
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on it to display the answer.
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| Odds Ratio | Odds of EXPOSURE in a disease (+) group: Case Control. (Of exposed: Dz+/Dz-) / (Of unexposed: Dz+/DZ-)
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| Relative Risk | Risk of DISEASE in an exposure: Cohort. % exposed who are (+)/ % unexposed who are (+)
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| Attributable Risk | "Additional Risk" of getting a disease because of an exposure. %(+) with exposure - %(+) without exposure.
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| Selection v. Sampling Bias | Selection: Organizers don't properly randomize subjects. Sampling: Those who elect to partake in study don't reflect population.
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| Procedure bias | Groups aren't treated the same.
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| Type I Error (alpha) | Probability of a "False positive study" alpha is the standard (=.05), compared to p, which is specific to the study result.
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| Type II Error (beta) | Probablility of a "False negative study"
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| Power (1-beta) | Probability of a "True positive study" Increased by sample size, magnitude of exposed/unexposed difference.
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| Standard Deviation (Sigma) | 68% lie within 1 standard deviation of mean, 95% are within 2 standard deviations, 99.7 are within 3 standard deviations.
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| Standard Error of the Mean (SEM) | (1 standard deviation)/ (Sqr root of sample size). This is like standard deviation, but accounts for population size. Low SEM -> strong study result. Is used to measure the confidence interval.
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| Confidence Interval | = [mean -z(SEM)] to [mean -z(SEM)]. For p=.05, z is set to 1.96.
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| T Test | Absolute difference between mean of 2 groups
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| ANOVA | Absolute difference between mean of 3+ groups
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| Ki^2 | Fraction/percent difference between 2+ groups
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| Disease Prevention | (PDR) Primary: Prevent occurence, Secondary: Detection of disease, Tertiary: Reduce disability from disease
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| Alcoholism prevention measures | Flu & pneumo vaccinations, TB test
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| Reportable diseases | MMR, Chickenpox, Salmonella, Shigella, Hepatitis, STDs, TB
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| APGAR Score | 0-2 score x 5: Appearance(limbs+trunk pink), Pulse(100+), Grimace(G+cough), Activity, Respiration(regular)
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| Low Birthweight | <2.5kg. Necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, persistent fetal circulation, RDS, infections
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| Sleep Stages & Waves | BATS Drink Blood. Awake: (beta), 1 (alpha), 2(theta), 3-4(Sleep spindles & K complexes), 5(Delta, Night terrors & bed wetting), REM (Beta, erections, dreams)
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| Raphe Nucleus | Serotonin. Sleep.
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| Correlation Coefficient | -1 & 1: direct correlation. 0: no correlation
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| Stage 4 sleep | Shortened by benzodiazepines & imipramine.
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| Infant Mortality | Congenital, premature/low wt, SIDS, pregnancy complications, RDS
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| 1-14 Mortality | Injury, cancer, congenital, homicide, HD
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| 15-24 Mortality | Injuries, Homicide, Suicide, Cancer, HD
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| 25-64 | Cancer, HD, Injuries, suicide, stroke
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| 65+ | HD, Cancer, Stroke, COPD, Pneumonia, Influenza
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| Berkenson's Bias | Tendency to select hospitalized patients
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| Reliable = Precise | Reliable-precise
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| Projection | Projecting our own feelings on someone else in similar scenario
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| Identification | Modeling behavior after someone else's
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| Reaction Formation | Shifting from an inappropriate behavior to the opposite
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| Pygmalion Effect | Researcher's beliefs about treatment efficacy affect study
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| Hawthorne Effect | Participant awareness of study aims effect behavior->outcome
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| Nucleus Ceruleus | Norepinephrine
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| Nucleus Basalis of Mynert | AcetylCholine
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| Caudate Nucleus | Huntington's Dz
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Created by:
Kyle Tiemeier
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