| Question |
 |
|
| Answer |
|
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| Cervical disc degeneration |
spondylosis |
| cervical sprain |
whiplash |
| C1 burst fx |
Jefferson fx |
| C2 fx/dislocation from hyperextension and distraction |
hangman's fx |
| C7 spinous process fx |
Clay shoveler's fx |
| An injury to the glenoid labrum that can be described as Superior Labrum Anterior to Posterior. |
SLAP lesion |
| 95% of all shoulder dislocations |
Anterior shoulder dislocation |
| cortical depression in the head of the humerus bone.from forceful impaction of the humeral head against the anteroinferior glenoid rim when the shoulder is dislocated anteriorly. |
Hill Sachs |
| An avulsion of the anteroinferior glenoid labrum at its attachment to IGHL complex. |
Bankhart lesion |
| Dislocation caused by an anterior force, seizure, or electric shock, and is fairly uncommon |
Posterior shoulder dislocation |
| This injury can damage the radial nerve. |
Humeral shaft fracture |
| Medial epicondylitis |
golfer's elbow |
| Lateral epicondylitis |
Tennis elbow |
| dislocation of the elbow joint caused by a sudden pull on the extended pronated arm. The head of the radius slips out of the annular ligament |
Nurse maid's elbow |
| 90% of elbow dislocations are in this direction |
posterior |
| Most common elbow fracture in kids |
supracondylar |
| Ulnar shaft fracture with proximal radius dislocation. |
Monteggia fracture |
| Radial fracture with distal ulna dislocation |
Galeazzi fracture |
| Isolated ulna fracture caused by direct blow to the forearm |
Night stick fracture |
| 90% of distal radial fractures. Usually from a FOOSH. Dorsal angulation of distal fragment |
Colles fracture |
| Distal radial fracture from a fall on the back of the hand. Causes a volar angulation of the distal fragment. |
Smith fracture |
| Most common carpal fracture, at an increased risk for avascular necrosis |
scaphoid fracture |
| fracture of the distal 5th metacarpal |
Boxer's or Brawler's fracture |
| Forced flexion of the finger from an axial load, causing rupture of extensor digitorum to DIP. |
Mallet finger |
| Thickened palmar fascia forms nodules over the flexor tendons causing a flexion contracture. Most common at ring and pinky finger. |
Dupuytren's contracture |
| occurs when the motion of the tendon that opens and closes the finger is limited, causing the finger to lock or catch |
trigger finger |
| Caused by abduction stress at the thumb. UCL injury |
Skier's thumb (gamekeeper's thumb) |
| bony growths on the terminal (DIP). interphalangeal joints of the fingers |
Heberden's nodes |
| hard, bony outgrowths or gelatinous cysts on the proximal interphalangeal joints |
Bouchard's nodes |
| flexion of DIP and hyperextension of PIP |
swan neck deformity |
| Loss of central slip insertion on proximal dorsal middle phalanx. Flexion fo PIP and hyperextension of DIP. |
boutonnieres deformity |
| Seen on oblique view, a defect in the pars interarticularis puts a collar on the scotty dog. |
spondylolysis |
| MVA injury where the lap belt immobilizes pelvis and the thorax is forcefully flexed forward. seen on AP as a crack throught the owl's eyes (pedicles), or an open beak (cracked spinous process) |
Chance fracture |
| Collapse of anterior vertebral body with intact posterior wall from hyperflexion or osteoporosis |
wedge fracture |
| vertebral slipping |
spondylolisthesis |
| lateral curvature of the spine |
scoliosis |
| classification system used for grading hip fractures |
Garden type |
| 90% of hip fractures are in this direction |
posterior |
| Occurs at the origin og the sartorius, and is caused by knee flexion and hip hyper-extension. |
ASIS avulsion fracture |
| Occurs at the origin of the hamstring, and is caused by vigorous hip flexion with knee extension. |
Ischial tuberosity avulsion fracture |
| Occurs in obese adolescent boys. Will cause a limp and hip, thigh or knee pain, loss of IR, flexion and abduction |
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis |
| avulsion fragement of the lateral tibial plateau associated with ACL or meniscus tear |
Segond fracture |
| Gastrocnemius tendon sesamoid |
Fabella |
| Proximal 1/3 fibula fracture associated with medial ankle fracture. |
Maisonneuve fracture |
| Tibial tubercle apophysitis common in adolescents |
Osgood Schlatter's |
| Holds tibia and fibula together |
Syndesmosis |
| indications for getting imaging after ankle injury |
Ottawa rules |
| 85% of all ankle sprains are in this direction, and are from a plantar flexion inversion injury. |
Lateral |
| Fracture of proximal 5th metatarsal, from an inversion injury |
Jones fracture |
| most common fracture of the ankle |
distal fibula fracture |
| Usually seen in deconditioned athletes, and is caused by quick plantar flexion |
Achilles injury |
| AKA shin splints |
medial tibial stress syndrom |
| Calcaneal apophystis, very common in 7-15 year olds |
sever's disease |
| pain on plantar aspect of calcaneus, will result in but are not caused by heel spurs |
Plantar fasciitis |
| disruption of tarsometatarsal joint |
Lisfranc fracture |
| Perineural fibrosis of digital nerve between 3rd and 4th web space, caused by walking on hard surfaces or wearing tight shoes. |
Morton's neuroma |
| Urate crystals in 1st MTP joint |
Gout |
| flat foot |
Pes planus |
| first mtp joint sprain from excessive force of dorsiflexion or plantarflexion |
turf toe |
| Childhood fracture in which the physis is widened. Growth disturbances are uncommon. |
Salter Harris I |
| Childhood fracture that involves the metaphysis as well as the physis. Rarely results in functional deficits. The most common type. |
Salter Harris II |
| Childhood fracture that involves both the epiphysis as well as the physis. There is damage to the growth plate but prognosis is relatively favorable. |
Salter Harris III |
| Child hood fracture that involves the epiphysis, physis, and metaphysis. Can result in chronic disability. |
Salter Harris IV |
| Childhood fracture that is a compression of the physis caused by an axial load. Poor functional prognosis. |
Salter Harris V |
| As seen on a lateral radiograph of the cervical spine a widened predental space (greater than 2.5 mm)idicates what type of injury. |
Transverse ligament injury or laxity. |
| Can occur from a blow to the top of the head and affects C1. |
Jefferson fx |
| Tip of the dens, usually stable |
Type I odontoid fracture |
| Base of the dens, most common |
Type II odontoid fracture |
| Through C2 body, unstable |
Type III odontoid fracture |
| Commonly occur at proximal 2/3 and distal 1/3 of the involved bone. |
Clavicle fx |
| When the humeral head slightly overlaps the glenoid in a normal AP radiograph. |
Cresent sign |
| AP view of the shoulder shows the humeral head to lie medial to the glenoid and inferior to the coracoid |
Anterior shoulder dislocation |
| On an AP radiograph the humeral head is lateral to the glenoid so that there is no overlap. |
Posterior shoulder dislocation |
| These are the three cardinal signs for what;joint space narrowing, bony overgrowth at edge of joint, sclerosis along articular surface |
Osteoarthritis |
| A focal area of avascular necrosis |
Osteochondritis desiccans |
| Most common site of osteochondritis desiccans |
Knee |
| Loos body in a joint |
Joint mouse |
| Avascular necrosis of the lunate |
Kienbock's disease |
| Oblique fracture through the base of the radial styloid |
Chauffeur's fracture |
| Buckle fracture with intact periosteum, common in children |
Torus fracture |
| Fracture of the thumb metacarpal base from an axial blow or adduction stress to thumb |
Bennet's fracure |
| Comminuted Bennet's fracture |
Rolando fracure |
| This part of a carpal bone can get fractured from a direct impact of a racquet, baseball, golf club. |
Hook of the Hamate |
| Forceful extension of the DIP, patient now unable to flex DIP due to FDP avulsion. |
Jersey finger |
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