Body system
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| an/o | anus
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| append/o | appendix
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| cholecyst/o | Gall bladder
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| col/o | colon
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| duoden/o | first part intestine
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| jejun/o | second part intestine
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| ile/o | third part intestine
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| proct/o | anus &rectum
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| rect/o | rectum
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| sigmoid/o | the S-shaped bend in the final portion of the large intestine that leads to the rectum
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| or/o | mouth
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| cholelithiasis | abnormal condition
gallstones
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| cirrhosis | chronic disease with
degeneration of liver cells
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| colonic polyposis | polyps pertrude from mucous membrane
lining of colon
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| polyps | projecting growth from a mucous surface, as of the nose, being either a tumor or a hypertrophy of the mucous membrane
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| diverticulosis | An abnormal presence of diverticula, particularly through the muscular portion of the sigmoid colon
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| diverticulum | A circumscribed pouch or sac of variable size developing normally or created by herniation through the muscular wall of a tubular organ
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| GERD gastroesophageal reflux disease | condition contents of stomach back flow into esophagus
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| IBD inflammatory bowel disease | infl, o last portion of ileum or infl. of colon
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| Crohn disease | A chronic inflammatory bowel disease, usually affects the ileum, colon, or other parts of the gastrointestinal tract.
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| ulcerative colitis | Chronic inflammatory ulceration of the colon, primarily affecting the mucosa and submucosa. Characterized by diarrhea, abdominal pain, and rectal bleeding.
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| mucosa | Tunica mucosa, or mucous membrane
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| tunica | tissue forming a layer or covering of an organ or part, such as any of the tissue layers of a blood vessel wall
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| IBS irritable bowel syndrome | cramping, abdominal bloating, constipation and diarrhea
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| hepatocellular carcinoma | liver cancer
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| jaundice | yellow/orange color of skin and other tissues
high level bilirubin in bloodstream
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| hyperbilirubinemia | excessive bilirubin in blood
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| bilirubin | The orange-yellow bile pigment, primarily the product of the breakdown of hemoglobin in erythrocytes at the end of their normal lifespan
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| LFTs liver function test | measurement of liver enzymes and
other substances in blood
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| abdominal computed tomography CT scan | series of cross-sectional x-ray images
show abdominal organs
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| cholangiography | x-ray of bile ducts
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| stool culture | feces are placed in growth medium/ tested
for microorganisms
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| GI (gastrointestinal) endoscopy | colonoscopy
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| hemoccult test | feces are tested for blood,
stool guaiac test
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| barium test | x-ray images of GI tract obtained after introduction of a radiopaque lipuid into rectum or mouth
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| abdominal MRI | magnetic waves create images of abdominal organs
in three planes of body
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| anastomosis | surgical opening between two gastrointestinal organs
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| laparoscopic surgery | minimal invasive surgery
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| appendic | appendix
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| Colon/o | colon
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| stoma | an opening created to relieve blockages
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| ileostomy | is the surgical creation of a new opening from the ileum
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